{"id":19226,"date":"2018-11-16T01:34:30","date_gmt":"2018-11-15T22:34:30","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/?p=19226"},"modified":"2018-11-18T11:49:23","modified_gmt":"2018-11-18T08:49:23","slug":"%d9%85%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4%d8%a9-%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d8%b7%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%ba%d8%b3%d9%82-%d9%87%d8%a7%d8%b4","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/?p=19226","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u00a0 \u063a\u0633\u0642 \u0647\u0627\u0634\u0645 \u0635\u0643\u0628\u0627\u0646\u00a0 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/h3>\n

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<\/h3>\n

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\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 (p= 0.0001) \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646\u060c \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0644\u064a\u06461\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0644\u064a\u06462 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629. \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 (p= 0.0001) \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0632\/ \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 2-B\u066a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629. \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 2-S\u066a\u060c 1\/ \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0644\u064a\u06461\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629.<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0648\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0644 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 (p= 0.01) \u060c (\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a = 1.175) \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629. \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0644 (p= 0.01) \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0644 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0627\u062b \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631 (p= 0.01).\u00a0<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0648\u062c\u062f \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0648\u0644\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0646 (p= 0.03) \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0636.<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0648\u062c\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 (p= 0.01) \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0639\u062f\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0627\u064b (p= 0.01) \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629. \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 (p= 0.0001).<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0629 (p < 0.01) \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0644 \u0648\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646\u060c \u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0643\u060c \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645\u060c \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645\u060c \u0643\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u060c \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0644\u064a\u06461\u060c \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 2\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0639\u062f\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 (p= 0.0001) \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0644\u064a\u06462S-\u066a \u060c1\/ \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0644\u064a\u06461\u060c \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0631\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a.<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0629 (p= 0.0001) \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0644 \u0648\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646\u060c \u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0631\u060c \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0643\u060c \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645\u060c \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0633\u0645\u060c \u0633\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 1 \u060c \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 2 \u060c \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0639\u062f\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062c\u062f\u062a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0629 (p < 0.05) \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a (p= 0.0001) \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0632\/ \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 2-B\u066a\u060c \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646 2-S\u066a\u060c\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 1\/ \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0644\u064a\u06461\u060c \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0633\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629.<\/span><\/h3>\n

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\"\"<\/h3>\n

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\n

The MSc thesis discussion of student (Ghasaq Hashim Saqban) from department of Chemistry<\/span><\/h3>\n

At the hall f the late Dr.Fahad Ali Al-Jubori, the MSc thesis discussion of student (Ghasaq Hashim Saqban) from department of Chemistry entitled (Association of Serum Apelin with Insulin Resistance and Obesity in Type 2 Diabetic Iraqi Patients)has been discussed<\/span><\/h3>\n

The discussion committee<\/span><\/h3>\n

Prof.Dr.Najwa Faisal Al-Saraj\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Head<\/span><\/h3>\n

Asst.prof.Dr.Shadha Mohammed Jawad\u00a0\u00a0 member<\/span><\/h3>\n

Asst.prf.Dr.Tagreed Aloom Mohammed\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 member<\/span><\/h3>\n

Asst.prof.Dr.Hind Shakir Ahmed\u00a0\u00a0 supervisor member<\/span><\/h3>\n

The Abstract<\/span><\/h3>\n

Adipose tissue hormones have a significant effect in obesity related problems. Apelin has been added to the intimate of adipokines<\/span><\/h3>\n

The aim of this work was to assess the association between serum apelin levels and some metabolic limitations in type 2 diabetic Iraqi patients (obese and non-obese) and compared them with the control groups.<\/span><\/h3>\n

This study was conducted through November 2017 until the end of May 2018. Forty five type 2 diabetic patients without complications have been participating in this study, 23 patients of them were obese and 22 were non-obese. They were compared with 23 obese healthy control and 22 were non-obese control. Their ages range was (30-45) years. All diabetic patients were referred to the National Diabetic Center\/ Mustansiriyah University and the healthy control subjects were referred to the Medical City\/ Baghdad where all measurements were done<\/span><\/h3>\n

There was a significant increase (p< 0.01) in age and weight in diabetic groups and obese control group as compared to non-obese control group. A significant increasing in waist circumference, waist to hip ratio, and body mass index was found in obese diabetic group as compared to non-obese and control groups. Also, there was a significant increase (p= 0.0001) in body fat percentage in obese of patients and controls as compared to non-obese for both groups<\/span><\/h3>\n

There was a significant increase (p= 0.0001) in fasting serum glucose, glycated hemoglobin, insulin, homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance 1, and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance 2 in obese diabetic group as compared to non-obese and the control groups. While, there was a significant decrease (p= 0.0001) in glucose\/insulin ratio and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance2-B% in obese diabetic group as compared to non-obese control group. Also, a significant decrease was found in homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance2-S%, 1\/homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance 1, and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index in diabetic groups and obese control group as compared to non-obese control group.<\/span><\/h3>\n

Serum apelin levels showed highly significant increase (p= 0.01), (odd ratio= 1.175) in diabetic groups as compared to the controls. Also, there was a significant increase (p= 0.01) in serum apelin in obese diabetic group as compared to non-obese and control groups. There was a significant increase in serum a pelin in females as compared to males (p= 0.01).<\/span><\/h3>\n

There was an elevation in serum apelin levels in diabetic group who had positive family history of diabetes as compared to those with negative family history, but it was not significant. There was a significant increase (p= 0.03) in serum apelin levels in control group who had positive family history as compared to those with negative family history.<\/span><\/h3>\n

There was a significant increase (p= 0.01) in serum lipid profile and their ratios except high density lipoprotein cholesterol which showed a significant decrease (p= 0.01) in diabetic group as compared to the controls. Also, there was a highly significant increase in serum lipid profile and their ratios except high density lipoprotein cholesterol in obese diabetic group as compared to non-obese and the control groups (p= 0.0001).<\/span><\/h3>\n

There was a significant positive correlations (p< 0.01) between serum apelin and age, height, weight, waist circumference, waist to hip ratio, body mass index, body fat percentage, fasting serum glucose, glycated hemoglobin, serum insulin, homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance 1, homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance 2, and lipid profile with their ratios except high density lipoprotein cholesterol, while a highly significant negative correlations (p= 0.0001) was detected between serum apelin and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance 2-S%, 1\/homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance 1, quantitative insulin sensitivity check index ,and high density lipoprotein cholesterol in diabetic groups<\/span><\/h3>\n

Also, there was a highly significant positive correlations (p= 0.0001) between serum apelin and age, weight, waist circumference, waist to hip ratio, body mass index, body fat percentage, fasting serum glucose, serum insulin, homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance 1, homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance 2, and lipid profile with their ratios except high density lipoprotein cholesterol, also a significant positive correlations (p< 0.05) were found between serum apelin with height and glycated hemoglobin in obese control group. While, a significant negative correlation (p= 0.0001) was detected between serum apelin and glucose\/insulin ratio, homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance 2-B%, homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance 2-S%, 1\/homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance 1, quantitative insulin sensitivity check index, and high density lipoprotein cholesterol in this group<\/span><\/h3>\n

The significant alterations in serum apelin levels in diabetic patients as compared to controls were suggested a possible role of these adipokines with the presence of obesity, insulin resistance, and, type 2 diabetes mellitus. So, the assay and assessment of serum apelin levels could be beneficial in early detection of type 2 diabetes mellitus and prevention of its unfavorable consequences especially the cardiovascular complications and atherosclerosis. Also, there was a significant difference in serum apelin levels between males and females.<\/span><\/h3>\n

This study indicated abnormal lipid concentrations with their ratios for those patients such as hyper cholesterol, hypertrophy ceridemia, and increased low density lipoprotein cholesterol. The results recommended that he dyslipidemia is more predominant in patients consuming poor glycemic control which might be plays a main role in the progress of cardiovascular diseases among diabetic patients<\/span><\/h3>\n

<\/h3>\n

<\/h3>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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