{"id":22656,"date":"2019-01-18T14:02:17","date_gmt":"2019-01-18T11:02:17","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/?p=22656"},"modified":"2019-01-20T13:22:30","modified_gmt":"2019-01-20T10:22:30","slug":"%d9%85%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d8%b7%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%a9-%d8%b7%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8%d8%a9%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%83%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%87-%d9%86%d8%af%d9%89-%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%b5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/?p=22656","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0646\u062f\u0649 \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0622\u063a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\"\"<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n

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\u0631. \u0628. \u062f. \u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f \u0631\u0645\u0632\u064a \u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u0639\u0636\u0648\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0641\u0627<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n

<\/h4>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\"<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n

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\u062c\u0645\u0639\u062a \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0645\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 12 \u0634\u0647\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 2016\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u0639\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0629 10\u00b1 \u0643\u0645 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637.<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n

\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 21 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0634\u0645\u0644\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0626\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0633\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0633\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627.<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n

\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0634\u0645\u0644\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062a \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 <\/strong>Total Density<\/strong> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629 <\/strong>Relative Abundance (Ra<\/strong>) \u0648\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 <\/strong>Constancy Index (S<\/strong>) \u0648\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 <\/strong>Species Richness Index (D<\/strong>) \u0648\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0634\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646- \u0648\u0646\u062a\u0631 <\/strong>Shanon- Weiner Diversity Index (H<\/strong>) \u0648\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 <\/strong>Species Uniformity Index (E<\/strong>) \u0648\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062c\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 <\/strong>Jaccard Presence- Community<\/strong> \u00a0\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0629.<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n

\u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 <\/strong>\uf0b012.5<\/strong>\u0645-<\/strong>\uf0b030.2<\/strong>\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062c\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648<\/strong>\uf0b013.3<\/strong>\u0645-<\/strong>\uf0b030.6<\/strong>\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0628\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 8.5-6.8 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062c\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u06489.8-7.1 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641. \u0648\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 16.6-3.6 \u0645\u0644\u063a\u0645\/\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 %127.02-23.25 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062c\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 13-4 \u0645\u0644\u063a\u0645\/\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 %127.52-44.49 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062c\u064a\u0644\u0629.<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n

\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 <\/strong>BOD5<\/strong> \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 7.5-1 \u0645\u0644\u063a\u0645\/\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u06486.8-0.4 \u0645\u0644\u063a\u0645\/\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062c\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0648\u0643\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647\u0645\u0627. \u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0646 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0630 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 116-2.36 \u0648101-4.2 <\/strong>NTU<\/strong> \u0644\u0644\u062f\u062c\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 427-30.5 \u0645\u0644\u063a\u0645\/\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0648384-183 \u0645\u0644\u063a\u0645\/\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0646 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0645\u0648\u064a\u0644\u062d\u0629 <\/strong>Oligohaline<\/strong> \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 1220-370 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0632\/\u0633\u0645 \u0648%<\/strong>o0.78-0.23<\/strong> \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062c\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u06481070-480 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0632\/\u0633\u0645 \u0648%<\/strong>o0.68-0.30<\/strong> \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u0626\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 <\/strong>TDS<\/strong> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 <\/strong>TSS<\/strong> \u0628\u064a\u0646 0.61-0.2 \u063a\u0645\/\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0648171-1 \u0645\u0644\u063a\u0645\/\u0644\u062a\u0631\u060c 0.97-0.41 \u063a\u0645\/\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0648121-10 \u0645\u0644\u063a\u0645\/\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062c\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a. \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062f \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0630 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 540-316 \u0645\u0644\u063a\u0645\/\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0648580-312 \u0645\u0644\u063a\u0645\/\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0633\u062c\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 180-120 \u0645\u0644\u063a\u0645\/\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0648185-62 \u0645\u0644\u063a\u0645\/\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0646. \u0648\u0633\u062c\u0644\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0630 \u062a\u063a\u0644\u0628\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 160.37-60.12 \u0645\u0644\u063a\u0645\/\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u064893.4-14.49 \u0645\u0644\u063a\u0645\/\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062c\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 160.32-76.15 \u0645\u0644\u063a\u0645\/\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u064868.15-2.29 \u0645\u0644\u063a\u0645\/\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641. \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d\u062a \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 150-40 \u0645\u0644\u063a\u0645\/\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0648240-50 \u0645\u0644\u063a\u0645\/\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a.<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n

\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0633\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 2.5-0.78 \u0645\u0644\u063a\u0645\/\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u06480.08-0.01 \u0645\u0644\u063a\u0645\/\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0633\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062c\u064a\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 2.85-0.001 \u0645\u0644\u063a\u0645\/\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u06480.39-0.019 \u0645\u0644\u063a\u0645\/\u0644\u062a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0633\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641.<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n

\u0648\u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0637\u0645\u0649 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062c\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0645\u0649 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d\u062a \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 %12.68-2.43 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062c\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 %6.9-2.3 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641. \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0646\u0633\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a %25 \u0648%37.8 \u0648%14.54 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a %37 \u0648%48.46 \u0648%34.14 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062c\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0627\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628 %32.2 \u0648%41.4 \u0648%8.82 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0627 %37 \u0648%58.98 \u0648%25.6 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0639 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641.<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n

\u0627\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f 76 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062c\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u064863 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 11 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062c\u064a\u0644\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0632\u0639 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 25 \u064823 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u064825 \u064815 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u064821 \u064820 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u06485 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0647\u0627 27 \u0648%17 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u064812 \u0648%9 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u064858 \u0648%73 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639\u0645 \u06483 \u0648%1 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a.<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n

\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062c\u064a\u0644\u0629 2120.92 \u0641\u0631\u062f\/\u06453 \u0648909.27 \u0641\u0631\u062f\/\u06453 \u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641. \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0629 369.94 \u0641\u0631\/\u06453 \u0648183.18 \u0641\u0631\u062f\/\u06453\u00a0 \u0648\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a 266.76 \u0641\u0631\u062f\/\u06453 \u064855.78 \u0641\u0631\u062f\/\u06453 \u0648\u0644\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639\u0645 1440.09 \u0641\u0631\u062f\/\u06453 \u0648686.34 \u0641\u0631\u062f\/\u06453 \u0648\u0644\u0644\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637\u064a\u0629 71.62 \u0641\u0631\u062f\/\u06453 \u064810.13 \u0641\u0631\u062f\/\u06453 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0635\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639\u0645 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0646.<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n

\u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629 <\/strong>Relative Abundance Index (Ra<\/strong>) \u0644\u0644\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 <\/strong>Branchiura sowerbyi<\/strong> \u0648<\/strong>Limmnodrilus hoffmesiter<\/strong> \u0648<\/strong>Limnodrilus profundicola<\/strong> \u0648<\/strong>Limnodrilus udekemianus<\/strong> \u0648<\/strong>Eiseniella tetraedra<\/strong> \u0648<\/strong>Oligocheacta coccun<\/strong> \u0642\u062f \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u062a \u0628\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062c\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 <\/strong>Potamothrix hammoniensis<\/strong> \u0648<\/strong>Paranais litoralis<\/strong> \u0648<\/strong>Enchytracus sp<\/strong>. \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 <\/strong>Pristina plumaseta<\/strong> \u0648<\/strong>Limnodrilus claparedeanus<\/strong> \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062c\u064a\u0644\u0629.<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n

\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 <\/strong>Paralauterborniella sp<\/strong>. \u0648<\/strong>Ostracoda<\/strong> \u0648<\/strong>Dicrotendipes Lucifer<\/strong> \u0648<\/strong>Orthrocladius dubitus<\/strong> \u0648<\/strong>Cryptochironomus sp<\/strong>. \u0648<\/strong>Polypedilum scalaenum<\/strong> \u0648<\/strong>Chironomid pupa<\/strong> \u0628\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 <\/strong>Polypedilum aviceps<\/strong> \u0648<\/strong>Einfeldia natchitocheae<\/strong> \u0648<\/strong>Glyptotendipes paripes<\/strong> \u0648<\/strong>Dicrotendipes leucoscelis<\/strong> \u0648<\/strong>Dicrotendipes thanatogratus<\/strong> \u0648<\/strong>Chironomus melansecnce<\/strong> \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062c\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 <\/strong>Chironomus piger<\/strong> \u0648\u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 <\/strong>Crangonyctidae<\/strong> \u0648<\/strong>Parachironomus sublettei<\/strong> \u0648<\/strong>Orthrocladius thienemanni<\/strong> \u0648<\/strong>Epoicocladius sp<\/strong>. \u0648<\/strong>Harnishia complex<\/strong> \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641.<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n

\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 <\/strong>Melanoid tuberculata<\/strong> \u0648<\/strong>Physa acuta<\/strong> \u0648<\/strong>Pisidium dubium<\/strong> \u0648<\/strong>Melanopsis nodosa<\/strong> \u0648<\/strong>Lymnaea auricularia<\/strong> \u0648<\/strong>Corbicula fluminalis<\/strong> \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 <\/strong>Corbicula fluminea<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062c\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 <\/strong>Gyraulus intermixtus<\/strong> \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641.<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n

\u0648\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u062a \u0627\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0641\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0647\u064a <\/strong>Seinura sp<\/strong>. \u0648<\/strong>Actinolaimus sp<\/strong>. \u0648<\/strong>Dorylaimus fecundus<\/strong> \u0648<\/strong>Dolichodorus heterocephalus<\/strong> \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633 <\/strong>Alaimus simplex<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0648\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u0642\u0637.<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n

\u0648\u0648\u0641\u0642\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 <\/strong>Constancy Index (S<\/strong>) \u0641\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 <\/strong>C. fluminalis<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n

\u0648<\/strong>C. fluminea<\/strong> \u0648<\/strong>M. tuberculata<\/strong> \u0648<\/strong>M. nodosa<\/strong> \u0648<\/strong>L. auricularia<\/strong> \u0648<\/strong>Physa acuta<\/strong> \u0648<\/strong>Neritina schlaeflii<\/strong> \u0648<\/strong>Ostracoda<\/strong> \u0648<\/strong>Seinura sp<\/strong>. \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639\u0627\u064b \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062c\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 <\/strong>C. fluminalis<\/strong> \u0648<\/strong>M. tuberculata<\/strong> \u0648<\/strong>M. nodosa<\/strong> \u0648<\/strong>Theodoxus jordani<\/strong> \u0648<\/strong>L. auricularia<\/strong> \u0648<\/strong>Physa acuta<\/strong> \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u064b \u0648\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b.<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n

\u0633\u062c\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0644\u063a\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0639 <\/strong>Species Richness<\/strong> \u0641\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0646\u0647\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062c\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a 0.06 \u06480.727 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u06480.06 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u06480.0378 \u06480.0454 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639\u0645 \u06480.0455 \u06480.0303 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u064a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0646.<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n

\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062c\u0627\u0643\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 <\/strong>Jaccard presence- community<\/strong> \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u062a\u064a\u0646 2 \u06484 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 %69.39 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062c\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u062a\u064a\u0646 3 \u06485 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 %52.08 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641.<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n

\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0634\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646- \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0631 <\/strong>Shanon- weiner diversity Index (H<\/strong>)\u00a0 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0639 \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062c\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a 2.910 \u0628\u062a\/\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a 2.428 \u0628\u062a\/\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641. \u0648\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062a \u0627\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u06480.408 \u0628\u062a\/\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062c\u064a\u0644\u0629.<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n

\u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 <\/strong>Species uniformity index (E<\/strong>) \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062c\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a 1.17 \u06481.04 \u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062a \u0627\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u06480.26 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062c\u064a\u0644\u0629.<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n

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 <\/p>\n

The PhD.Dissertation Discussion of student Nada Nasir Aghali from department of Biology<\/span><\/h3>\n

At the hall of the late prof.Dr.Salim Abdulhameed ,the The PhD. Dissertation Discussion of student Nada Nasir Aghali from department of Biology entitled(An Ecological Assessment and Diversity of Benthic Invertebrates of Dijaila and Gharraf Rivers in Wasit Governorate\/ Iraq)has been discussed<\/span><\/h3>\n

The discussion committee<\/span><\/h3>\n

Prof.Dr.Ibrahim Mahdi Azoz\u00a0\u00a0 haed<\/span><\/h3>\n

Prof.Dr.Raid Sami A’atti\u00a0 member<\/span><\/h3>\n

Asst.Prof.Dr.Murtadha Yousif Mahdi\u00a0\u00a0 member<\/span><\/h3>\n

Asst.prof.Dr.Ahmed Jasim Mohammed\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 member<\/span><\/h3>\n

Asst.prof.Dr.Ahmed Jameel Mohammed\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 member<\/span><\/h3>\n

Mouhand Ramzi Nasha’at\u00a0\u00a0 supervisor member<\/span><\/h3>\n

Summary<\/span><\/h3>\n

This study was based on samples taken from two main branches of the Tigris River; Gharraf and Dijela River, at Kut Barrage in Wasit Province, Iraq. Which was aimed to study the physical and chemical properties of the aforementioned rivers’ water, and its effect on the quantity and quality of the Benthic Invertebrates; furthermore. The study evaluates the biodiversity of the rivers by using appropriate biodiversity indexes; therefore. This is considered a comprehensive environmental study to evaluate the diversity of the benthic invertebrate communities in these two rivers.<\/span><\/h3>\n

Monthly samples were collected randomly from the water, mud, and benthic invertebrate; for 12 months, from January till December 2016. During the collection process; 5 stations on each river were chosen for sampling with \u00b110 Km distance between each of the stations, including Wasit Province.\u00a0<\/span><\/h3>\n

Twenty-one environmental criteria were considered in this study that are specific to the benthic invertebrates diversity, including: Water and air Temperature, Turbidity, pH, Electrical Conductivity, Salinity, Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Percentage Oxygen Saturation(POS), Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD5), Hardness, Ca+2, Mg+2, Total Alkalinity, Nitrates, Sulphates, Bicarbonates, Orthrophosphates, Sediment Texture and Organic Mater(OM) Content in the soil.<\/span><\/h3>\n

Also, our study covered more biological criteria, including Total Density, Relative Abundance (Ra), Constancy Index(S), Species Richness Index, Shannon-Weiner Index, Species Uniformity Index and Jaccard Presence-Community, to demonstrate the similarities in the qualitative and quantitative composition of the benthic invertebrates between the stations.<\/span><\/h3>\n

The results showed that each river\u2019s water temperature is affected by the atmospheric temperature, the temperature was from 12.5 -30.2\u00b0C at Dijela River, and from 13.3 – 30.6\u00b0C at the Gharraf River . However, the pH values were weak alkaline, the readings were 6.8-8.5 and 7.1- 9.8 at Dijela and Gharraf River, respectively. In addition, both of the Dissolved Oxygen and Percentage Oxygen Saturation values were under the critical point in some of the reading at River Dijela marking as low as 3.6 mg\/L and peaking at 16.6 mg\/L for the DO with 23.25-127.02% for the POS. While, the Gharraf River readings were from 4.0-13.0 mg\/L and 44.49-127.52% for the DO and POS, respectively.<\/span><\/h3>\n

As for BOD5 values the results were from 1.0- 7.5 mg\/L at Dijela and 0.4- 6.8 mg\/L at Gharraf, that made both rivers cleanness doubtful. As for the turbidity, it was observed that the water was turbid when the values were from 2.36- 116.0 and 4.2-101.0 NTU for the Dijela and Gharraf, respectively. Turning now to total alkalinity, the results were from 30.5- 427.0 mg\/L for Dijela, whereas at Gharraf it was from 183.0- 384.0 mg\/L. The results showed that both of the river’s water is oligohaline, Dijela had a conductivity of 370- 1220 \u00b5\/cm with salinity of 0.23- 0.78 \u2030, while Gharraf results were 480- 1070 \u00b5\/cm for conductivity and 0.30- 0.68 \u2030 for salinity. TDS and TSS results were 0.2- 0.61 gm\/L and 1.0- 171.0 mg\/L, 0.41- 0.97 gm\/L and 10.0- 121.0 mg\/L for Dijela And Gharraf, respectively. Both Dijela and Gharraf are considered to have hard water, as both had hardness values from 316- 540 mg\/L and 312- 580 mg\/L, respectively. As for anion and cation the results for both Dijela and Gharraf were as follows: Bicarbonates 120-180 mg\/L and 62-185 mg\/L, Ca+2 60.12-160.37 mg\/L and 76.15-160.32 mg\/L, Mg+2 14.49-93.4 mg\/L and 2.29-68.15 mg\/L, Sulphates 40-150 mg\/L and 50-240 mg\/L, Nitrates 0.78-2.5 mg\/L and 0.001-2.85 mg\/L, phosphates 0.01-0.08 mg\/L and 0.019-0.39 mg\/L, all respectively. The study also found that Dijela has a higher percentage of organic matter in its mud 2.43-12.68% compared to the lower 2.3-6.9% in Gharraf\u2019s mud. And for sediment texture, the result showed that the clay, silt and sand has recorded percentages ranged from 25%, 37.8%, 14.54% as lower values and 37%, 48.46 %, 34.14% as higher values, respectively in Dijela River, and 32.2%, 41.4%, 8.82% as lower values and 37%, 58.98%, 25.6% as higher values respectively in Gharraf River substrates.<\/span><\/h3>\n

Regarding the biological measurements, the study showed the presence of 76 benthic invertebrate taxa in Dijela and 63 taxa in Gharraf, including 11 taxa that are recorded for the first time in Iraq and one taxa recorded for the first time in Dijela River. The taxa in Dijela and Gharraf were classified as follows: 25 and 23 Annelida species, 25 and 15 Arthropod species, 21 and 20 Molluscs species, respectively. In addition to 5 Nematoda species in each of the rivers. As for the percentage of each species, it was as follows: 27% and 17% of Annelida, 12% and 9% of Arthropods, 58% and 73% of Molluscs, 3% and 1% of Nematoda, respectively.<\/span><\/h3>\n

In terms of population density, the annual average for Dijela River was 2120.92 Ind.\/m3 and 909.27 Ind.\/m3 for<\/span> Gharraf River, these results were distributed as follows: Annelida 369.94 Ind.\/m3 and 183.18 Ind.\/m3, Arthropods 266.76 Ind.\/m3 and 55.78 Ind.\/m3, Molluscs 1440.09 Ind.\/m3 and 686.34 Ind.\/m3, Nematoda 71.62 Ind.\/m3 and 10.13 Ind.\/m3, respectively. The density and percentage of Molluscs were unexpectedly the highest, followed by Annelida, Arthropods and lastly Nematoda, in both rivers.<\/span><\/h3>\n

Relative Abundance Index (Ra) showed that the Annelida species that shared the majority in both rivers were: Branchiura sowerbyi, Limnodrilus hoffmesiteri,Limnodrilus profundicola, Limnodrilus udekemianus, Eiseniella tetraedra and Oligochaeta cocoon. While Potamothrix hammoniensis, Paranais litoralis and Enchytracus sp. were the predominant in Gharraf and Pristina plumaseta and Limnodrius claparedeanus were the most common in Dijela.<\/span><\/h3>\n

Moving to Arthropods, Paralauterborniella sp., Ostracoda, Dicrotendipes lucifer, Orthocladius dubitus, Cryptochironomus sp., Polypedilum selenium and Chironomids pupa were dominants, in both rivers. While in Dijela, Polypedilum aviceps, Einfeldia natchitocheae, Glyptotendipes paripes, Dicrotendipes leucoscelis, Dicrotendipes thanatogratus and Chironomus melansecnce dominated. In Gharraf, Chironomus piger, Parachironomus sublettei, Orthrocladius thienemanni, Epoicocladius sp., Family: Crangonyctidae and Harnishia complex, were the most common.<\/span><\/h3>\n

Turning now to Molluscs, the study has found that Melanoid tuberculate, Physa acuta, Pisidium dubium, Melanopsis nodosa, Lymnaea auricularia and Corbicula fluminalis dominated both rivers. While Corbicula fluminea dominated Dijela and Gyraulus intermixtus was the most common in Gharraf.<\/span><\/h3>\n

In addition, four of the five recorded Nematoda species shared the dominance in both rivers, it was: Seinura sp., Actinolaimus sp., Dorylaimus fecundus and Dolichodorus heterocephalus, while Alaimus simplex only dominated in Gharraf.<\/span><\/h3>\n

According to the Constancy Index (S), C. fluminalis, C. fluminea, M. tuberculata, M. nodosa, L. auricularia, Physa acuta, Neritina schlaeflii, Ostracoda and Seinura sp. were the overall dominants in Dijela and are considered as persistent species in the river\u2019s environment. Although in Gharraf, the more dominant Molluscs were represented by C. fluminalis, M. tuberculata, M. nodosa, Theodoxus jordani, L. auricularia and Physa acute and also considered as persistent species in Gharraf\u2019s environment\u00a0<\/span><\/h3>\n

The highest recorded values for the Species Richness measurement in Dijela and Gharraf River were, 0.06 and 0.727 for Annelida, 0.0378 and 0.0454 for Molluscs, 0.0455 and 0.0303 for Nematoda, respectively and 0.06 for Arthropods in each of the rivers. While the lowest values were absence in both rivers.<\/span><\/h3>\n

Regarding Jaccard Presence-Community, the results demonstrated that the highest similarity percentage between benthic invertebrate communities in River Dijela was between stations 2 and 4, where the percentage peaked at 69.39%, while the peak in Gharraf River was between stations 3 and 5, recorded at 52.08%\u00a0<\/span><\/h3>\n

In the case of the Shannon-Weiner Diversity Index (H), the total benthic invertebrates diversity values in Dijela peaked at 2.910 bit\/Ind. and reached its lowest point of 0.408 bit\/Ind. . Meanwhile, in Gharraf, it peaked at 2.428 bit\/Ind. and absence at its lowest point\u00a0<\/span><\/h3>\n

However, the Species Uniformity Index (E) results revealed the highest and lowest uniformity values in each river and it was 1.17 as the highest in Dijela and 1.04 as the highest in Gharraf. While, the lowest values were 0.26 and absence, respectively<\/span><\/h3>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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