{"id":27195,"date":"2019-07-01T09:58:38","date_gmt":"2019-07-01T06:58:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/?p=27195"},"modified":"2019-07-01T10:10:29","modified_gmt":"2019-07-01T07:10:29","slug":"%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%81%d9%8a%d8%b2%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d9%8a%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4-%d8%a7%d8%b7%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%ad%d8%a9-%d8%af%d9%83%d8%aa%d9%88%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%87-%d9%8a%d8%a8%d8%ad","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/?p=27195","title":{"rendered":"\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0627\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u062a\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 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https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/27\/2019\/07\/DSC_0259-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/>\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #000080\"><strong>\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0642\u0634\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0648\u0645 (\u0623. \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f) \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0623\u0644\u0641\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #000080\">\u0623.\u062f. \u062e\u0627\u0644\u062f 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\u0639\u0636\u0648\u0627\u064b<\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #000080\">\u0627.\u062f.\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0636\u0648\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0641\u0627\u064b<\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #000080\"><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-27197\" src=\"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/27\/2019\/07\/DSC_0265.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/27\/2019\/07\/DSC_0265.jpg 800w, https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/27\/2019\/07\/DSC_0265-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/27\/2019\/07\/DSC_0265-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #000080\">\u0648\u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 (HTSC) \u0642\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629(Y-123),(Pb-2223),(Bi-2223),(Hg-1223)\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629(\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629(SSR)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u062c\u0644(\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a) (SG)\u0648\u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0636\u064a(PLD)) \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646<strong>HgBa<sub>2<\/sub>Ca<sub>2<\/sub>Cu<sub>2.8<\/sub>Zn<sub>0.2<\/sub>O<sub>8+<\/sub><\/strong><strong><sub>\u03b4<\/sub><\/strong><strong> Pb<sub>2<\/sub>Ba<sub>2<\/sub>Ca<sub>2<\/sub>Cu<sub>2.8<\/sub>Zn<sub>0.2<\/sub>O<sub>10+<\/sub><\/strong><strong><sub>\u03b4<\/sub><\/strong><strong> ,YBa<sub>2<\/sub>Cu<sub>2.8<\/sub>Zn<sub>0.2<\/sub>O<sub>7+<\/sub><\/strong><strong><sub>\u03b4<\/sub><\/strong><strong> ,<\/strong><strong>Bi<sub>2<\/sub>Ba<sub>2<\/sub>Ca<sub>2<\/sub>Cu<sub>2.8<\/sub>Zn<sub>0.2<\/sub>O<sub>10+<\/sub><\/strong><strong><sub>\u03b4<\/sub><\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #000080\">\u00a0\u0623\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u064f\u062b\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629. \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0646\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a:<\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #000080\">1- \u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0648\u0630\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0630\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0631(Y-123), (Pb-2223), (Bi-2223), (Hg-1223)\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0643\u0627\u0633\u064a\u062f \u00a0\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0629 (\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0636\u064a) \u0627\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0642\u064a\u0629 (\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u062c\u0644).<\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #000080\">2- \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 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\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0636\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u062c\u0644 \u0648\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629(c\/a) \u0648\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a. \u062a\u0645 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 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\u0648\u064a\u0628\u062f\u0622\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f(~10kHz) \u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0632\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f. \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0646\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f.<\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #000080\">\u00a0\u00a0 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u062a\u064a (SSR,SG)\u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629(PLD) \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u062d(SEM) \u0648\u0627\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0636\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u064b \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0636\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644 \u062c\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627 \u0635\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062d\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0636\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0636\u064a \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062d \u0645\u0638\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0636\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u0642\u0639. \u0648\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0645\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a(\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0636\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b) \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0627\u0633Hg \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a((EDX \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0628\u0629.<\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><\/h4>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #000080\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a<\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #000080\">1- \u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646\u0629HgBa<sub>2<\/sub>Ca<sub>2<\/sub>Cu<sub>2.8<\/sub>Zn<sub>0.2<\/sub>O<sub>8<\/sub><sub>+<\/sub><sub>\u03b4<\/sub> \u060cBi<sub>2<\/sub>Ba<sub>2<\/sub>Ca<sub>2<\/sub>Cu<sub>2.8<\/sub>Zn<sub>0.2<\/sub>O<sub>10+<\/sub><sub>\u03b4<\/sub>\u060cPb<sub>2<\/sub>Ba<sub>2<\/sub>Ca<sub>2<\/sub>Cu<sub>2.8<\/sub>Zn<sub>0.2<\/sub>O<sub>10<\/sub><sub>+<\/sub><sub>\u03b4<\/sub>\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 YBa<sub>2<\/sub>Cu<sub>2.8<\/sub>Zn<sub>0.2<\/sub>O<sub>7<\/sub><sub>+<\/sub><sub>\u03b4<\/sub>\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 (0.2\u2264x\u22640.5) \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629.<\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #000080\">2- \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a.<\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #000080\">3- \u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 Milting Point.<\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #000080\">4- \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a.<\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #000080\">5- \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648 \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627.<\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #000080\">6- \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u064a.<\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #000080\">7- \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629(GHz).<\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #000080\">8- \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u064a\u0629AFM)) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0625\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0640\u0629 \u0639\u0640\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0640\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0636\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0640\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062e\u0634\u0648\u0646\u0640\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d(Surface Roughness) \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u064a( (size grain Average \u00a0\u0648\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0647.<\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #000080\"><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-27199\" src=\"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/27\/2019\/07\/DSC_0267.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/27\/2019\/07\/DSC_0267.jpg 800w, https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/27\/2019\/07\/DSC_0267-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/27\/2019\/07\/DSC_0267-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n<hr \/>\n<hr \/>\n<h4 style=\"direction: ltr\"><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"direction: ltr\"><span style=\"color: #000080\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"direction: ltr\"><span style=\"color: #000080\"><strong><em>Effect of\u00a0 Preparation Method<\/em><\/strong><strong><em>s<\/em><\/strong><strong><em> on the Structural and Electrical Properties of<\/em><\/strong> <strong><em>Superconducting Materials<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"direction: ltr\"><span style=\"color: #000080\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><strong><em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"direction: ltr\"><span style=\"color: #000080\"><strong><em>Haider Mohammed Jawad Haider<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"direction: ltr\"><span style=\"color: #000080\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"direction: ltr\"><span style=\"color: #000080\"><strong><em>Prof.Dr . Kareem Ali Jasim<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"direction: ltr\"><span style=\"color: #000080\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"direction: ltr\"><span style=\"color: #000080\"><strong>Abstract<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"direction: ltr\"><span style=\"color: #000080\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"direction: ltr\"><span style=\"color: #000080\">\u00a0The present study includes the study of the effect of changing the methods of preparation on the structural and electrical properties of\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 a group of superconducting compounds, HgBa<sub>2<\/sub>Ca<sub>2<\/sub>Cu<sub>2.8<\/sub>Zn<sub>0.2<\/sub>O<sub>8<\/sub><sub>+\u03b4<\/sub> , Bi<sub>2<\/sub>Ba<sub>2<\/sub>Ca<sub>2<\/sub>Cu<sub>2.8<\/sub>Zn<sub>0.2<\/sub>O<sub>10+\u03b4 <\/sub>, Pb<sub>2<\/sub>Ba<sub>2<\/sub>Ca<sub>2<\/sub>Cu<sub>2.8<\/sub>Zn<sub>0.2<\/sub>O<sub>10<\/sub><sub>+\u03b4 <\/sub>, YBa<sub>2<\/sub>Cu<sub>2.8<\/sub>Zn<sub>0.2<\/sub>O<sub>7<\/sub><sub>+\u03b4<\/sub>\u00a0 and different preparation methods, Solid State Reaction(SSR),Sol Gel (SG) and Pulse Laser Deposition(PLD), The objective of the study is to investigate the conditions and the optimal preparation for the formation of the high phase (Hg-1223),(Bi-2223),(Pb-2223),(Y-123)and its stability and the attempt to obtain the highest temperature of critical transmission (High-Tc), as well as to know the frequency ranges in which these samples can work in normal conditions, including obtaining the best structural and electrical characteristics of the superconductor.<\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"direction: ltr\"><span style=\"color: #000080\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The samples were prepared in three methods, using appropriate weights of high purity oxides and nitrate powders. The powders were mixed in two stages, using the manual mortar for one hour and then using a vortex electric mixer for (4 hr). After completion of the preparation process, then press powder mixtures by using a hydraulic press and under pressure of (7ton\/cm<sup>2<\/sup>) for 1 minute, With a diameter of (1.5cm) and a thickness of (0.15-0.25) cm and then samples were sintered in normal air at different temperatures and for different periods of time depending on the type of compound and the method of preparation and the heating rate (5<sup>o<\/sup>C\/min) in order to obtain a material of coherent and to ensure an optimum gradual propagation of the atoms, and then the samples were cooled to room temperature at the same heating rate.<\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"direction: ltr\"><span style=\"color: #000080\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 The showed of results of the x-ray diffraction(XRD) examination and by measuring the constants (a,b,c), all of the Hg-based samples have a tetragonal system, while the samples based on Bi,Pb,Y have an orthorhombic system, and have been shown to contain a large proportion of the high pure phase with low percentages of the lower phases with some impurities , And that the highest percentage of the higher phase was for the samples prepared by the method of sol-gel and for all compounds.<\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"direction: ltr\"><span style=\"color: #000080\">The ratio (c\/a) was calculated and calculation of cell density and crystalline size for all samples. The electrical resistivity was measured as a function of the temperature using the Four-Probe Technique and obtained the values \u200b\u200bof the critical transition temperatures, all samples showed superconducting behavior and the highest critical temperature obtained for the compounds prepared by the sol-gel method was equal Tc=(126,121,103,98.5)K for each of the base samples Hg, Bi, Pb and Y respectively, which also had the highest value of the energy gap and the oxygen content in the samples. The dielectric properties of the samples, which include (Real dielectric constant, Imaginary dielectric constant, Loss tangent and Alternating electrical conductivity), were studied as a function of frequency and range (50 Hz-1MHz) at room temperature. It was observed that there is a clear increase in the dielectric properties for the samples prepared by the pulse laser deposition method and for all the compounds, and both the dielectric constant (real and imaginary) and loss tangent decrease with increasing frequency and start to stabilize after(~10kHz) and the alternating electrical conductivity increases with increasing frequency. From this we conclude that the dielectric properties and all the samples depend heavily on both the preparation method and the frequency.<\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"direction: ltr\"><span style=\"color: #000080\">\u00a0\u00a0 The microscopic examination of the samples was performed after the sintering process for the methods (SSR, SG) and the annealing process for the method (PLD) by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed a change in the granular size, where the samples prepared by the solid state reaction method had a flake structure, while the samples prepared by the method of the sol-gel had a platelet composition, the samples prepared by the pulse laser deposition method showed the presence of granular structures in the form of dark sheets and light particles in the form of spots. Finally, the components of the samples (prepared by the three methods) with the basis of Hg were knowledge through (EDX) tests to ascertain the components of the elements in the compound \u00a0and acceptable ratios and the absence of undesirable elements.<\/span><\/h4>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641\u0629 (\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062b\u0645) \u0627\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0629 (\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629&#8230;.<a class=\"cz_readmore\" href=\"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/?p=27195\"><i class=\"fa fa-angle-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":25,"featured_media":27200,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[7,16],"tags":[23],"class_list":["post-27195","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-7","category-16","tag-ihcoedu"],"modified_by":"ihcoedu","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27195","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/25"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=27195"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27195\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/27200"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=27195"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=27195"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=27195"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}