{"id":30112,"date":"2020-02-06T11:58:44","date_gmt":"2020-02-06T08:58:44","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/?p=30112"},"modified":"2020-02-06T12:08:57","modified_gmt":"2020-02-06T09:08:57","slug":"%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85-%d8%b9%d9%84%d9%88%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%a9-%d9%8a%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4-%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%aa-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/?p=30112","title":{"rendered":"\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u00a0 \u062a\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u00a0\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u0648\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0645\u0627\u0637\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"

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      <\/h4>\n

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        \n
      1. \n

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      2. \n

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      3. \n

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      4. \n

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      5. \n

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        <\/h4>\n

        Summary<\/u><\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n

        The green house of the Department of Life Sciences at the College of Education for Pure Sciences \/ Ibn Al-Haytham University of Baghdad for the season 2018-2019 was selected as a site for a study on tomato plant( Lycopersicum esculentum<\/em> Mill )through the use of Hydroponhc\u00a0 to demonstrate the effect of interference of nitric oxide and silicon and cadmium stress on plant growth. Exposing the plant to (0, 50, 100 and 200 mmg.L-1 <\/sup>)<\/span><\/h4>\n

        of cadmium by adding it to the nutrient solution after each substitution and then treating the plant sprayed on the vegetative part with nitric oxide in concentrations (0, 100 and 200 mmol. L-1<\/sup>) and silicon in concentrations (0 and 5 mmol. L-1<\/sup>), carried out using a drag According to its global full random design with three replicates this be the experiment (4 \u00d7 3 \u00d7 2 \u00d7 3) It included 72 experimental units.<\/span><\/h4>\n

        1-Increasing the concentration of cadmium from( zero to 200\u00a0 mmg.L-1 <\/sup>) caused a significant decrease in the character of plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, dry weight of the vegetative and root groups, root length and volume as well as a significant decrease in the concentrations of elements (N, P, K, Mn,Cu ,Fe ,Zn ,Si) and Plant content of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll, while the effectiveness of the enzymatic antioxidants (Superoxide dismutase, Peroxidase and Catalase) and the activity of non-enzymatic antioxidants (tocopherol, proline, ascorbate and lycopene) increased\u00a0 .<\/span><\/h4>\n

        2- Spraying the plant with nitric oxide at a concentration of( 100 mmol. L-1<\/sup>) led to a significant increase in all phenotypic and biochemical traits and a decrease in the effectiveness of enzymatic antioxidants (SOD, POD and CAT) and non-enzymatic antioxidants (tocopherol, proline, ascorbate and lycopene ).<\/span><\/h4>\n

        3- Spraying the plant with silicon at a concentration of( 5 mmol. L-1<\/sup> )resulted in a significant increase in the phenotypic characteristics and a decrease in the effectiveness of the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants .<\/span><\/h4>\n

        4-The study showed that the Bilateral interference treatment of nitric oxide (100 mmol .L -1<\/sup>)and silicon( 5 mmol.L –<\/sup>1)played an important role in reducing the negative effects of cadmium.<\/span><\/h4>\n

        Conclusion<\/u><\/span><\/h4>\n

        1 -We conclude from this study that a plant that grows in an environment contaminated with heavy metals, including cadmium in particular, gets a clear reduction in many phenotypic characteristics, such as plant height, stem diameter, leafy area, and dry weight of the vegetative and root group, as the cause of cadmium stress causes a decrease in concentrations of mineral elements and pigment photosynthesis of the plant .<\/span><\/h4>\n

        2 – Exposure of the tomato plant to high levels of cadmium resulted in an increase in the activity of enzymatic antioxidants (SOD, POD and CAT) and non-enzymatic (tocopherol, proline, ascorbite and lycopene) as a defensive method to counteract stresses.<\/span><\/h4>\n

        3 – \u00a0The nitric oxide spray treatment showed a positive effect on plant growth, as it improved the phenotypic properties and concentration of mineral elements and stimulated the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems under study.<\/span><\/h4>\n

        4 – Silicon spray has inhibited the negative effect of cadmium stress, increased concentrations of mineral elements, some studied phenotypic properties, and reduction in the effectiveness of enzymatic antioxidants (SOD, POD and CAT) and non-enzymatic antioxidants (tocopherol, proline, ascorbite and lycopene).<\/span><\/h4>\n

        Recommandation<\/u><\/span><\/h4>\n

        1 – Treating cadmium stress by using nitric oxide and silicon in different concentrations and applying the experiment to other environmental stresses with other crops.<\/span><\/h4>\n

        2 – Spray the plant with nitric oxide at a concentration of 100 mmol. L-1<\/sup> to give it the best values \u200b\u200bfor the studied properties and reduce the negative effects of cadmium stress.<\/span><\/h4>\n

        3 – \u00a0The increase from silicon levels to more than one level for its positive role in improving the characteristics studied under cadmium stress.<\/span><\/h4>\n

        4 – Applying genetic experiments and studies induced by nitric oxide and silicon responsible for plant tolerance to cadmium stress and improving plant growth and sustainability.<\/span><\/h4>\n

        5 – Adopting the method of hydroponic to study the negative effects of heavy and alternative elements on soil cultivation and reducing costs in production.<\/span><\/h4>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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