{"id":33166,"date":"2020-09-06T10:13:36","date_gmt":"2020-09-06T07:13:36","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/?p=33166"},"modified":"2020-09-14T22:42:11","modified_gmt":"2020-09-14T19:42:11","slug":"%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%81%d9%8a%d8%b2%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d9%8a%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4-%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%ae","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/?p=33166","title":{"rendered":"\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0636\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a ( 1986 \u2013 2019)"},"content":{"rendered":"<h4><\/h4>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-33170\" src=\"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/27\/2020\/09\/zainab-h21-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"709\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/27\/2020\/09\/zainab-h21-1.jpg 709w, https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/27\/2020\/09\/zainab-h21-1-300x226.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 709px) 100vw, 709px\" \/><\/p>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #000080\">\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641\u0629 ( \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062b\u0645 ) \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0629 ( \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0636\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u00a0\u0645\u0646 1986 \u0627\u0644\u0649\u00a0 2019 ) \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u060c \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 ( \u0632\u064a\u0646\u0628 \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645 ) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0632\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 ( \u0623.\u0645.\u062f. \u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062c\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0631 ) \u0648\u0646\u0648\u0642\u0634\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0623\u0644\u0641\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a :<\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #000080\">\u0623.\u0645.\u062f. \u062a\u063a\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0646\u0627\u062c\u064a\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ( \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0627 )<\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #000080\">\u0623.\u0645.\u062f. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0641 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ( \u0639\u0636\u0648\u0627 )<\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #000080\">\u0645.\u062f. \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0639\u0645\u0629\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ( \u0639\u0636\u0648\u0627 )<\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #000080\">\u0623.\u0645.\u062f. \u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062c\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0627\u0631\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ( \u0639\u0636\u0648\u0627 \u0648 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0641\u0627 )<\/span><\/h4>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-33170\" src=\"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/27\/2020\/09\/zainab-h21-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"709\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/27\/2020\/09\/zainab-h21-1.jpg 709w, https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/27\/2020\/09\/zainab-h21-1-300x226.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 709px) 100vw, 709px\" \/><\/p>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #000080\">\u0648\u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627.<\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><\/h4>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #000080\">\u062a\u0645\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a (1986\u060c 1990\u060c 1995\u060c 2000\u060c 2005\u060c 2010\u060c 2015 \u06482019)\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a.<\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #000080\">\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a-5 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631 (TM) \u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a-8 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631 (OLI).\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #000080\">\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0636\u062d\u0644\u060c \u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u063a\u0627\u0645\u0642\u060c \u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0632\u0627\u0647\u064a\u060c \u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0642\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0642\u060c \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0636\u0627\u0621\u060c \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0631\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u0643\u0646\u0629) \u0648\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0641\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629) \u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 (\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649)\u060c \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0645\u062c\u064a\u0627\u062a (ENVI 5.3) \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a QUANTUM GIS (QCIS 3.10) \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062f\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635.<\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #000080\">\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0631\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0644\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0639 \u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f.<\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #000080\">\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0632 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2019 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0647\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0643\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f.<\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><\/h4>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #000080\">\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 :<\/span><\/h4>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #000080\">\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631.<\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #000080\">\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0639 \u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 10 \u0635\u0628\u0627\u062d\u0627 (\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a)\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u063a\u0637\u0649 \u0628\u0633\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0628.<\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #000080\">\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/h4>\n<hr \/>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: left\"><span style=\"color: #993366\">\u201cChanging in Baghdad\u2019s Land Cover for the late 30 years\u201d<\/span><\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: left\"><span style=\"color: #993366\">By Zainab .H.Qasim<\/span><\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: left\"><span style=\"color: #993366\">Supervised by Assist. Prof. Dr. Hameed M. Abduljabbar<\/span><\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: left\"><span style=\"color: #993366\">Abstract<\/span><\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: left\"><span style=\"color: #993366\">\u00a0In this thesis, earth cover of the city of Baghdad was exclusively studied within its administrative border during the years (1986, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015 and 2019), respectively.Satellite scenes every five years, as Landsat 5 (TM) and Landsat 8 (OLI) satellite images were used. The land has been classified as ten subclasses, namely water deep, water shallow, plant dark, plant light, natural plant, urban garden, urban pure, soil white, soil gray, and soil dark and four main classes of water, plant, urban, and soil according to the characteristics of the land cover and was classified using the supervised method (Maximum Likelihood Classifier Technique).ENVI 5.3 software and QUANTUM GIS (QCIS 3.10) programs, are utilized in order to get the most accurate results from cutting.A study of the changing urban reality of the city of Baghdad during that period and the change of vegetation due to environmental factors, human influences and some human phenomena that affected the accuracy of the classification for some areas east of the city of Baghdad is presented. The year 2019 has been highlighted because of its privacy in changing the land cover of the city of Baghdad because of the amount of rain that exceeded its natural levels by far.<\/span><\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: left\"><span style=\"color: #993366\">The Aim of the Thesis<\/span><\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: left\"><span style=\"color: #993366\">The city of Baghdad has witnessed fundamental changes in patterns of land cover during the past periods between 1986 and 2019,thus this research aims todetect and analyze of the changes that occurred in the land cover to the cityas a result of changing climatic conditions and human activity,and highlighting the role of remote sensing and its ability to classify the land cover.<\/span><\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: left\"><span style=\"color: #993366\">This research also aims to discover the effects of changes in the land cover in the study area during different time phases, using satellite images and conducting some operations from processing and classification, to reach to uncover patterns of changes in the land cover and monitor its changes, for the benefit of decision-makers or relevant authorities such as the municipality and the Ministry of Planning and the Ministry Agriculture and others.<\/span><\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: left\"><span style=\"color: #993366\">Suggestions for Future Works<\/span><\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: left\"><span style=\"color: #993366\">Studying Baghdad city using high resolution satellites up to one meter on the ground to recognize the land cover features more accurately.<\/span><\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: left\"><span style=\"color: #993366\">Study the eastern part of Baghdad city with satellite image captured other than the 10 am (at local time), since the eastern part of Baghdad usually covered with smoke clouds from the brick\u2019s factories.<\/span><\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: left\"><span style=\"color: #993366\">Taking field samples for the region where the natural plant is available, and the region where the houses that contain gardens is available, in order to increase reparability between these two classes because of their similarity in the spectral response<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4><\/h4>\n<h4><\/h4>\n<h4><\/h4>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641\u0629 ( \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062b\u0645 ) \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0629 ( \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0621&#8230;.<a class=\"cz_readmore\" href=\"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/?p=33166\"><i class=\"fa fa-angle-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":25,"featured_media":33168,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"no","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[44,7,16],"tags":[23,46],"class_list":["post-33166","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-44","category-7","category-16","tag-ihcoedu","tag-phys"],"modified_by":"ihcoedu","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33166","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/25"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=33166"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33166\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/33168"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=33166"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=33166"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=33166"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}