{"id":33858,"date":"2020-11-11T22:22:48","date_gmt":"2020-11-11T19:22:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/?p=33858"},"modified":"2020-11-24T11:57:11","modified_gmt":"2020-11-24T08:57:11","slug":"%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%81%d9%8a%d8%b2%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d9%8a%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4-%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%aa%d8%a8%d8%ad%d8%ab-18","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/?p=33858","title":{"rendered":"\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631\u00a0\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0642 \u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"<h4 style=\"text-align: justify\"><\/h4>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-33860\" src=\"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/27\/2020\/11\/photo_\u0662\u0660\u0662\u0660-\u0661\u0660-\u0660\u0665_\u0661\u0669-\u0663\u0666-\u0662\u0665-Copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"601\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/27\/2020\/11\/photo_\u0662\u0660\u0662\u0660-\u0661\u0660-\u0660\u0665_\u0661\u0669-\u0663\u0666-\u0662\u0665-Copy.jpg 800w, https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/27\/2020\/11\/photo_\u0662\u0660\u0662\u0660-\u0661\u0660-\u0660\u0665_\u0661\u0669-\u0663\u0666-\u0662\u0665-Copy-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/27\/2020\/11\/photo_\u0662\u0660\u0662\u0660-\u0661\u0660-\u0660\u0665_\u0661\u0669-\u0663\u0666-\u0662\u0665-Copy-768x577.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"color: #000080\">\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641\u0629 ( \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062b\u0645 ) \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0629 ( \u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0642 \u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0641\u0647 ) \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 ( \u0646\u0647\u0627\u062f \u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u062c\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0639 ) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 ( \u0623.\u0645.\u062f. \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0631\u062d\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a ) \u0648\u0646\u0648\u0642\u0634\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a :<\/span><\/h4>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #000080\">\u0623.\u062f. \u0628\u0647\u062c\u062a \u0628\u0647\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0638\u0645 ( \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0627\u064b )<\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #000080\">\u0623.\u0645.\u062f. \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u064a \u062b\u062c\u064a\u0644 ( \u0639\u0636\u0648\u0627\u064b )<\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #000080\">\u0623.\u0645.\u062f. \u0631\u063a\u062f \u0635\u0628\u062d\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633 ( \u0639\u0636\u0648\u0627\u064b )<\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #000080\">\u0623.\u0645.\u062f. \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0631\u062d\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a ( \u0639\u0636\u0648\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0641\u0627 )<\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-33862\" src=\"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/27\/2020\/11\/photo_\u0662\u0660\u0662\u0660-\u0661\u0660-\u0660\u0665_\u0661\u0669-\u0663\u0666-\u0662\u0668_1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/27\/2020\/11\/photo_\u0662\u0660\u0662\u0660-\u0661\u0660-\u0660\u0665_\u0661\u0669-\u0663\u0666-\u0662\u0668_1.jpg 800w, https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/27\/2020\/11\/photo_\u0662\u0660\u0662\u0660-\u0661\u0660-\u0660\u0665_\u0661\u0669-\u0663\u0666-\u0662\u0668_1-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/27\/2020\/11\/photo_\u0662\u0660\u0662\u0660-\u0661\u0660-\u0660\u0665_\u0661\u0669-\u0663\u0666-\u0662\u0668_1-768x576.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"color: #000080\">\u0648\u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0649 :<\/span><\/h4>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify\">\n<li>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #000080\">\u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0645\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627 \u0627\u0643\u0631\u0644\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062a\u00a0 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a.<\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #000080\">\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629.<\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #000080\">\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0629 .<\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify\"><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"color: #000080\">\u0648\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0628 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u064a\u0642 \u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a\u00a0 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0628\u062a\u0627\u064a\u062a (HA)\u00a0 \u0630\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a ( 80 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631 ) \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a ( 50 \u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0631 ) \u0648 \u0628\u0643\u0633\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0632\u0646\u064a\u0629\u00a0 (1\u060c 2 \u060c 3\u060c 4\u060c 5) % \u0644\u0640\u0644\u0647\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u064a\u062a (HA) \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0648 \u0628\u0643\u0633\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0632\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u00a0\u00a0( 5\u060c 10\u060c 15\u060c 20\u060c 25) % \u0644\u0644\u0647\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u064a\u062a \u0630\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a \u00a0\u0643\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062f\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0631\u0627\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0645\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627 \u0627\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0644\u062a (PMMA) .<\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"color: #000080\">\u0623\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u00a0\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062a(HA) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0645\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u064a\u062b\u0627\u0627\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0644\u064a\u062a \u00a0(PMMA).<\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"color: #000080\">\u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629(XRD) \u00a0\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0628 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u00a0\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0628 \u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u064a\u0629 (AFM) \u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0634\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u0648\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u00a0(Shore d)\u00a0 \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a.<\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"color: #000080\">\u0648 \u064a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 (Charpy) \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0639\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0639\u0637\u062a \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 3% \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0633\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0633\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 3% \u0648 4%.<\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"color: #000080\">\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0649\u00a0 (Pin-on-disk )\u060c \u064a\u0639\u0637\u064a \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632\u0629 \u0628 5 \u0648 10 \u066a \u00a0\u0647\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u064a\u062a \u0630\u0648 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0639\u0637\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 1% \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646\u064a 4% \u0648 5%.<\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"color: #000080\">\u00a0\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0635 \u0644\u064a \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0629\u00a0 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a 10% \u0648 15\u066a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646\u064a 4\u066a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"color: #000080\">\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062c\u0631\u064a\u062a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0637\u060c \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646\u064a (10\u066a) \u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0632\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0637\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"color: #000080\">\u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a \u060c \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632\u0629 \u0628\u0640 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u064a\u062a \u0630\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646\u064a 10\u066a. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0633\u062c\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u0633\u0631 \u0648\u0632\u0646\u064a 3\u066a \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0637\u0641\u064a\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"color: #000080\">\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0636\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u062f\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646\u064a 15% \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0627\u060c \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0646\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632\u0629 \u0643\u0633\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0632\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 2%\u060c \u0648\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646\u064a 4%.\u00a0<\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"color: #000080\">\u00a0\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 PH \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0645\u0631 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062a.<\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"color: #000080\">\u00a0\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0645\u0632\u064a\u062c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u00a0 \u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 4\u066a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u064a 10\u066a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"color: #000080\">\u00a0\u0648\u0642\u062f \u00a0\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a TMA \u0648 DSC \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0646\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0646 \u0627\u0638\u0647\u0631\u0627\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0646\u0642\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a (CTE) \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u064a.<\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"color: #000080\">\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 TMA \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646\u064a 10\u066a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a.<\/span><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify\"><span style=\"color: #000080\">\u0627\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 DSC \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u062c\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0632\u0632\u0629 \u0628 10% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0627\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a.<\/span><\/h4>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: left\"><span style=\"color: #993366\">Preparation And Characterization Of Polymeric Composites Reinforced With Bio-Ceramic Powders<\/span><\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: left\"><span style=\"color: #993366\">By Nihad .H.Jarbooa<\/span><\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: left\"><span style=\"color: #993366\">Supervised by Asst.prof.Dr.Abdulhameed Raheem Mahdi<\/span><\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: left\"><span style=\"color: #993366\">Abstract<\/span><\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: left\"><span style=\"color: #993366\">The aim of this work was to prepare a polymer base Bio-composite reinforced by ceramic powders, and evaluate the influence of reinforcement particles sizes, and the weight fraction on some of the tribological and physical properties. Two-particle sizes (micro and nanoparticles) of hydroxyapatite (HA) were used with different weight fractions (1, 2, 3, 4 and 5) % for the 50 nm HA, (5, 10, 15, 20, and 25) % for the 80\u00b5m HA as reinforcement material for the denture base resin poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) as a matrix material<\/span><\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: left\"><span style=\"color: #993366\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Many tests were conducted to evaluate the effect of HA on the PMMA composites&#8217; mechanical, physical, and thermal properties. Structural tests using X-ray diffraction demonstrated the formation of composite and no chemical reaction between the materials, and the peaks of the diffraction patterns were matched with reference samples for the purpose of ascertaining the type of materials used. The results of the examination with the atomic force microscope (AFM) of the selected samples also showed a variation in surface roughness and. The values \u200b\u200bof hardness using shore (d), shows a general increase in the hardness in all samples. The shock resistance test using the Charpy impact system shows a positive effect of the micro filler on the impact resistance, while the Nano-HA gives negative effects. Pin on disk wear rate test results, gives positive effects in 5 &amp; 10% in micro-HA, while in Nano-HA shows nearly liner improvement in results. Lee\u2019s disk method used to measure thermal conductivity. Results show a general decrease in thermal conductivity in both Micro &amp; Nano-fillers except in 15% in micro and in 4% in Nano size. Immersion tests in water and artificial saliva also carried out in order to measure the absorbency, porosity, the leached residual monomer, and degradation rate in these media. The results of the absorbency test showed a remarkable increase in the amount of water uptake with the increase in the weight fracture compared to the reference sample, but the lowest value was recorded in the composite with (10%) wt. While the results for the samples reinforced by the nanoparticles showed a variation in the results, where the absorption of some samples increased slightly, while the other section decreased slightly when compared to the reference sample. In the relative pore size test, the values of all samples reinforced with micro-HA showed a remarkable increase, but the smallest increase was recorded in the sample 10%. As for the samples reinforced by NHA, the rate of increase varied between the samples. The sample reinforced with 3% recorded a slight decrease in porosity value. The PH level test of the immersion fluid showed an increase in all samples and this increase is proportional to the increase in the hydroxyapatite weight fraction<\/span><\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: left\"><span style=\"color: #993366\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 General results showed that the best combination of properties appeared at the two concentrations 4% in nanoparticles and at 10% of micro-particles. In the second part of this paper, TMA and DSC tests were performed on the previous two best results composites, in addition to a pure resin sample to evaluate the thermal properties such as the linear expansion coefficient and the glass transition temperature. TMA test showed that the highest thermal stability recorded for the sample 10% of the micro-hydroxyapatite of the samples tested. The DSC test results show that the highest glass transition temperature recorded in the 10% micro-hydroxy apatite sample<\/span><\/h3>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641\u0629 ( \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062b\u0645 ) \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0629&#8230;.<a class=\"cz_readmore\" href=\"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/?p=33858\"><i class=\"fa fa-angle-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":25,"featured_media":33861,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"no","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[44,7,16],"tags":[23,46],"class_list":["post-33858","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-44","category-7","category-16","tag-ihcoedu","tag-phys"],"modified_by":"ihcoedu","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33858","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/25"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=33858"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33858\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/33861"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=33858"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=33858"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=33858"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}