{"id":38123,"date":"2021-08-13T21:55:15","date_gmt":"2021-08-13T18:55:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/?p=38123"},"modified":"2021-08-15T12:09:48","modified_gmt":"2021-08-15T09:09:48","slug":"38123","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/?p=38123","title":{"rendered":"\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0627\u0632\u0627\u064a\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627"},"content":{"rendered":"

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    \n
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\u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629, \u0648\u0627\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062c\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0630 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631\u064a 89458.85 \u0644\u062a\u0631\/\u0645\u0648\u0644.\u0633\u0645 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0633\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0644 =0.0034 \u0645\u0643\u063a\u0645\/\u0633\u06452 \u0648\u0627\u062a\u0628\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 (1.0-0.1) \u0645\u0643\u063a\u0645\/\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646%1.449 \u00a0, \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 4.350% \u0648\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641= 0.0597 \u0645\u0643\u063a\u0645\/\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a= 0.1810 \u0645\u0643\u063a\u0645\/\u0645\u0644. \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 (\u0633\u0648\u0627\u063a\u0627\u062a) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 , \u0637\u0628\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0636\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0627\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0628\u064a\u0646 (98.50-92.50)%.<\/span><\/h4>\n

    <\/h4>\n

    \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0635\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 :<\/span><\/h4>\n

    1 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0648\u0627\u0634\u0641 \u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0634\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0632\u0648\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0644 \u0648 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0641\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0646 \u064a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u0642\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062f\u0631\u0648\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0627\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0632\u0648\u062a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0634\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0637\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629.<\/span><\/h4>\n

    .2 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0637\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/span><\/h4>\n

    .3 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0642\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0631 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0648\u0627\u0634\u0641 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627.<\/span><\/h4>\n

    .4 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0628\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0648\u062a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u0633\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0642\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0631 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/h4>\n

    .5 \u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0642\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0637\u064a\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0642\u0629.<\/span><\/h4>\n
    \n

    Development of a Spectrophotometric Method for the quantitation of hydrochlorothiazide and its application<\/span><\/h3>\n

    By Hiyam Kareem Noor Mohammed Al \u2013Sharify<\/span><\/h3>\n

    Supervised by Asst.prof.Dr.Summaya Muhammed Abbas<\/span><\/h3>\n

    The Aim of the Study<\/span><\/h3>\n

    The study aims to find a fast, inexpensive and new spectrophotometric method for the determination of hydrochlorothiazide in its pure form and in pharmaceutical preparations by means of:<\/span><\/h3>\n

    . Indirect spectrophotometric determination by suggesting an oxidation reaction of the drug and coupling with two organic reagents (Resorcinol and Diphenylamine).<\/span><\/h3>\n

    . Indirect spectrophotometric determination by oxidation-reduction reactions using the oxidizing agent N Pro and musuccinimide (NBS) and the determination of the residual oxidizing agent mediated by tarazine (TART.<\/span><\/h3>\n

    Summary<\/span><\/h3>\n

    This study includes the development of two new spectroscopic methods for the determination of hydrochlorothiazide both in its pure form and in its pharmaceutical preparations. and then spectrophotometry estimation of the drug compounds using ultraviolet and visible rays.<\/span><\/h3>\n

    The first method: Includes an indirect estimation of the drug depending on hydrolysis of this drug using concentrated hydrochloric acid ( for secondary amine group) and\u00a0 formation of primary amino compounds a diazonium salt and then coupling with two different reagents (Resorcinol in the basic medium as shown in paragraph (a) and Diphenyl-amine in the acidic medium\u00a0 as described in paragraph (b)) to form a stable azo dyes ,\u00a0 the stoichiometric study of the hydrolysis drug compound were obtained with two coupling reagents by: continuous changes and molar ratios methods ,as the ratio was 1:1<\/span><\/h3>\n

    The reaction results of the coupling resorcinol reagent with the azotization drug (hydrochlorothiazide) in basic medium of pH = 13 were shown to form a dye of orange color dissolved in water whose maximum absorption is measured at the wavelength (\u03bbmax= 426 nm).\u00a0 In this study, the single variable was followed to reach the best conditions affecting developed color intensity. That analytical properties and statistical data of the calibration curve to estimate hydrochlorothiazide in the proposed method was good as the value of the molar absorption coefficient 14140.75 L\/mol. cm and the sensitivity of Sandell was 0.0210 \u00b5g\/cm2 and the method followed Beer’s law in a range of concentrations between (0.25-13.00) \u00b5g\/ml of the drug with the relative standard deviation of the method being less than 3.376%, while the accuracy of the method being less than relative error 2.340% for three levels of drug concentrations. the value of the limit of detection was 0.1174 \u00b5g\/ml and the limit value of quantitative detection equal to 0.3557 \u00b5g\/ml . After making sure that there was no interference in the presence of common drug additives (excipients) in the current method, the method was successfully applied to pharmaceutical preparations containing hydrochlorothiazide by both direct methods and standard additives,\u00a0 And obtaining recovery values \u200b\u200branging from (100.40 – 101.16)%.<\/span><\/h3>\n

    The reaction results of the coupling Diphenylamine reagent with the azotization drug (hydrochlorothiazide) in acidic medium to form a dye of a violet-color dissolved in water whose maximum absorption is measured at the wavelength (\u03bbmax= 516 nm).\u00a0 In this study, the single variable was followed to reach the best conditions affecting developed color intensity. That analytical properties and statistical data of the calibration curve to estimate hydrochlorothiazide in the proposed method was good as the value of the molar absorption coefficient 9109.62 L\/mol. cm and the sensitivity of Sandell was 0.0327 \u00b5g\/cm2 and the method followed Beer’s law in a range of concentrations between (0.75-22.50) \u00b5g\/ml of the drug with the relative standard deviation of the method being less than 0.667%, while the accuracy of the method expressed in terms of the relative error less than 1.160% for three levels of drug concentrations. the value of the limit of detection was 0.1521 \u00b5g\/ml and the limit value of quantitative detection = 0.4607 \u00b5g\/ml After making sure that there was no interference in the presence of common drug additives (excipients) in the current method, the method was successfully applied to pharmaceutical preparations containing hydrochlorothiazide by both direct methods and standard additives,\u00a0 And obtaining recovery values \u200b\u200branging from (91.80- 99.24)%.<\/span><\/h3>\n

    The second method: Included an indirect estimation of the drug based on oxidation and reduction reactions, the method relied on the hydrochlorothiazide reaction with a increase of N-bromosuxinimide in the acidic medium and the determination of the excess of the oxidative reagent by measuring the absorption of the residual of tartarazine, after being oxides by the excess oxidant from the oxidation of the medicinal compound at the wavelength (\u03bbmax 426 nm) in the acid medium. In this study, the single variable was followed to reach the best conditions affecting developed color intensity. That analytical properties and statistical data of the calibration curve to estimate hydrochlorothiazide in the proposed method was good of the molar absorption coefficient was 89458.85 L\/mol.cm and the sensitivity of Sandell was 0.0032 \u00b5g\/cm2, and the method followed Beer’s law in a range of concentrations between (0.1-1.0) \u00b5g\/ml of the drug with the relative standard deviation of the method being less than 1.449%, while the accuracy of the method expressed in terms of the relative error less than 4.350% for three levels of drug concentrations. the value of the limit of detection was 0.0597 \u00b5g\/ml and the value of quantitative detection limit 0.1810 \u00b5g\/ml. after making sure that there is no interference with common drug additives (excipients) in the current method, apply the method successfully to pharmaceutical preparations containing hydrochlorothiazide by the direct and standard methods and obtain recovery values \u200b\u200branging between\u00a0 (92.50 – 98.50) %.<\/span><\/h3>\n
      \n
    1. \n

      Recommendations<\/span><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      . The use of reagents other than resorcinol and transphenylamine can enter a coupling reaction with hydrochlorothiazide after the time of the drug or reagent and use that to find a new spectroscopic method<\/span><\/h3>\n

      . Estimation of the drug under study by other spectroscopic methods.<\/span><\/h3>\n

      \u00a0 . Research in the evaluation of other medicinal drugs by interaction with the same reagents.<\/span><\/h3>\n

      . The use of spectroscopic estimation by the reaction of nitrogen, conjugation and oxidation reaction for the determination of other medicinal drugs and the expansion of the use of this technique<\/span><\/h3>\n

      . The possibility of studying the decomposition product of the drug with the undissolved compound by means of instantaneous spectrophotometry by derivative spectroscopy<\/span><\/h3>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641\u0629 (\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062b\u0645) \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0629 (\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629….<\/i>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":25,"featured_media":38128,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"no","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[7,59,16],"tags":[23,47],"class_list":["post-38123","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-7","category-59","category-16","tag-ihcoedu","tag-chem"],"modified_by":"ihcoedu","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38123","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/25"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=38123"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38123\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/38128"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=38123"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=38123"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=38123"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}