{"id":38601,"date":"2021-09-01T11:03:53","date_gmt":"2021-09-01T08:03:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/?p=38601"},"modified":"2021-09-01T20:52:59","modified_gmt":"2021-09-01T17:52:59","slug":"%d9%82%d8%b3%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%83%d9%8a%d9%85%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d9%8a%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%82%d8%b4-%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%aa%d8%a8%d8%ad%d8%ab-38","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/?p=38601","title":{"rendered":"\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/h4>\n

\"\"\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641\u0629 (\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062b\u0645) \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0629 (\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632) \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 (\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0621 \u062c\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0635\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0635\u064a\u0641) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 (\u0623.\u0645.\u062f. \u0623\u062d\u0640\u0645\u0640\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633) \u0648\u0646\u0648\u0642\u0634\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a :<\/span><\/h4>\n

1- \u0623.\u062f. \u0638\u0627\u0641\u0631 \u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u062c\u064a\u0644 (\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0627)<\/span><\/h4>\n

2- \u0623.\u0645.\u062f. \u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f (\u0639\u0636\u0648\u0627)<\/span><\/h4>\n

3- \u0623.\u0645.\u062f. \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0639\u0645\u0629 (\u0639\u0636\u0648\u0627)<\/span><\/h4>\n

4- \u0623.\u0645.\u062f. \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633 (\u0639\u0636\u0648\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0641\u0627)<\/span><\/h4>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

\u0648\u064a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0649 :-<\/span><\/h4>\n

1- \u062a\u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0646\u062a ( FL ) \u0643\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0646 (\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b) \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0637\u0647 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0632 (\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a) \u0648\u064a\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0644\u0647 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0( FLG ) \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u0633\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0644\u0647 ( FLD ) \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0635\u0628\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0636\u0631 ( JG ) \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 , \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0644\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0646\u062a \u0648 \u0633\u0637\u0648\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 :-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 (FT-IR \u0648 XRD \u0648 FESEM \u0648 \u00a0EDX ).<\/span><\/h4>\n
    \n
  • \n

    \u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0648 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0648 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0637 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0635\u0628\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0636\u0631 ( JG ) \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0632\u0629 ( \u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0646\u062a \u0648 \u0633\u0637\u0648\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0629 ) \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u0648\u062d .<\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    3- \u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0632\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0631\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0635\u0628\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0636\u0631 \u00a0( JG ) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0632\u0629 ( \u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0646\u062a \u0648 \u0633\u0637\u0648\u062d\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0629 ) \u0648 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u0648\u062d .<\/span><\/h4>\n
      \n
    • \n

      \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 ( \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0648 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0632\u0629 , \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0629 , \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 ) .<\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      <\/h4>\n

      \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646\u00a0 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0644\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0646\u062a (FL) \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u00a0 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d\u0647 , \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0646\u062a \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0632 (FLG) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0646\u062a \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0643\u0633\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0646 (FLD) .<\/span><\/h4>\n

      \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0637\u0631\u0623\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 (FL,FLG,FLD) \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0637\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 (FT-IR) \u0648\u062d\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 (XRD) \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u062d \u0630\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0628\u0639\u062b (FESEM) \u0648\u0645\u0637\u064a\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u062a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 (EDX) .<\/span><\/h4>\n

      \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 (FL,FLG,FLD) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0635\u0628\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0636\u0631 (JG) \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0643\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0644\u0623\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u0645 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0645\u062b\u0644 (\u00a0 \u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0632\u0629 \u0648 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u062f\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0632\u0629 \u0648 \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u00a0 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u00a0 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0629 ) , \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629\u00a0 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u063a\u0629\u00a0 \u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0646 \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0635\u0628\u063a\u0629 (JG) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0646\u062a (FL)\u00a0 \u0647\u0648 90 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a (FLG) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b (FLD) \u0647\u0648 45 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0625\u0630 \u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0639 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u064a \u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629\u00a0 \u0645\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 , \u0648\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0630\u0628\u0629 \u00a0\u0627\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u063a\u0629 (JG) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u0648\u062d, \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0637\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629\u00a0 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 (40 kJ\/mol) \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u00a0 , \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u00a0 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u064a\u0632\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0645\u062b\u0644 (\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0631, \u0641\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0634 ,\u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 ) \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0630 \u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u063a\u0629 (JG) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0631\u00a0 \u0627\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0632\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649\u00a0 .<\/span><\/h4>\n

      \u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0628\u063a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d (FL )\u00a0 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a (%48.8473)\u00a0 \u0648\u0644\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d ( FLG )\u00a0 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a (57.7935%) \u0648\u0644\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d ( FLD )\u00a0 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0648\u064a (69.2774%) \u0648\u0646\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0641\u0636\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0635\u0628\u063a\u0629 (JG) \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b ( FLD ).<\/span><\/h4>\n

      \u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0631\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629\u00a0 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0635\u0628\u063a\u0629 (JG) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0625\u0630 \u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0629 (\u0394G) \u00a0\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u063a\u0629 (JG) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ( \u00a0FL)\u00a0 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645 (\u0394G) \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629\u00a0 \u00a0\u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0647\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u063a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629.<\/span><\/h4>\n

      \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062b\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a (\u0394H) \u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0635\u0628\u063a\u0629 (JG) \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u0648\u062d\u00a0 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 ,\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a ((\u0394S \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u00a0\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0635\u0628\u063a\u0629 (JG) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u0648\u062d (FL,FLG,FLD) \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u063a\u0629 \u00a0\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645\u0629 .<\/span><\/h4>\n

      \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0623\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0648\u0635\u064a \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f :-<\/span><\/h4>\n

      1- \u0627\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u00a0\u0634\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648 \u0642\u064a\u0645 pH .<\/span><\/h4>\n

      2- \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0646\u062a \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 .<\/span><\/h4>\n

      3- \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0635\u0628\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0636\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u0648\u062d \u0642\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 ( \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f ).<\/span><\/h4>\n

      4- \u062a\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0646\u062a \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0623\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0637 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 ( \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 ) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0629 .<\/span><\/h4>\n

      5- \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u0648\u062d ( FL,FLG,FLD ) \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0635\u0628\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0626\u0628\u0642 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u063a\u0646\u064a\u0632 \u0648 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u062a .<\/span><\/h4>\n
      \n

      Characterization of Carbomodification for Iraq Clay and uses in Adsorption Field<\/span><\/h3>\n

      \u00a0By Wala’a Jubair Sabbar Nasif<\/span><\/h3>\n

      Supervised by Asst.prof.Ahmed Mohammed Abbas<\/span><\/h3>\n

      This research aims to<\/span><\/h3>\n

      – Preparation of the surface of flint clay (FL) as the first surface and the preparation of two surfaces (second and third) of flint clay by activating and modifying it by the carbon of glucose (the second surface) and symbolized by (FLG), while the third surface was modified by carbon of dextrin and symbolized by (FLD) In order to improve its adsorption properties in the adsorption of green janus (JG) dye from its aqueous solutions, a diagnosis of flint clay and its modified surfaces was carried out using the following techniques<\/span><\/h3>\n

      . (FT-IR \u0648 XRD \u0648 FESEM \u0648EDX )<\/span><\/h3>\n

      – Determining the equilibrium time, conducting an adsorption kinetics study, and determining the activation energy for adsorption processes of janus green dye (JG) using the adsorbent surfaces (flint clay and its modified surfaces), and the comparison was made between these surfaces.<\/span><\/h3>\n

      – Determining the isotherms and calculating the thermodynamic functions of the adsorption process of Janus green dye (JG) on the adsorbent surfaces (flint clay and its modified surfaces) and making a comparison between these surfaces.<\/span><\/h3>\n

      – Studying some of the factors affecting the adsorption process that are most suitable for the conditions, including (weight and volume of the adsorbent, concentration of the adsorbent, temperature).<\/span><\/h3>\n

      Abstract<\/span><\/h3>\n

      This study deals with the process of improving the adsorption efficiency of Iraqi flint (FL) clay by making two modifications on its surface, the first by activating and loading flint clay by carbon glucose (FLG) and the second by activating and loading flint clay by carbon dextrin (FLD).The changes in the three surfaces (FL, FLG, FLD) were studied and compared by using the following techniques: infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) and Energy-dispersive X-ray\u00a0spectroscopy(EDX).<\/span><\/h3>\n

      The ability of the three surfaces (FL, FLG, FLD) to adsorb Janus Green (JG) from its aqueous solution was studied as a sample for one of the substances that cause water pollution. A number of factors that affect the ability of adsorption have been studied, such as (weight of the adsorbent, particles size of the adsorbent, contact time, temperature, and the initial concentration of the adsorb ate).<\/span><\/h3>\n

      Where the kinetic study of the dye adsorption process was conducted, it was found that the equilibrium time for the adsorption of dye (JG) on the surface of flint clay (FL) is 90 min, while the second surface (FLG) and the third (FLD) is 45 min, where it was found that the adsorption capacity increases with increasing temperature. For all of the above-mentioned surfaces, the adsorption process is endothermic in nature. It was found from the kinetic study that the kinetic model of the pseudo second order is more suitable than the rest of the kinetic models of the adsorption process of dye (JG) on the surfaces, and depending on the values \u200b\u200bof the activation energy of the three surfaces, which was less than (40 kJ\/mol), which indicates that the adsorption type is physical adsorption.<\/span><\/h3>\n

      Also, a number of adsorption isotherms such as (Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin) were applied for this study, where it was found that the process of dye adsorption (JG) on the three surfaces follows the Langmuir model more than other isotherms.It was noted that the highest adsorption rate of the dye on the surface (FL) is (48.8473%), for the surface FLG) is (57.7935%) and for the surface (FLD) it is (69.2774%) and we conclude that the best Adsorption efficiency in JG is the third surface (FLD).<\/span><\/h3>\n

      The thermodynamic functions of the dye adsorption process (JG) were calculated on the three surfaces, where it was found that the values \u200b\u200bof the free compressive energy (\u0394G) are positive, which indicates the difficulty of dye adsorption (JG) on the surface (FL), while the values \u200b\u200bof (\u0394G) are positive and become negative with increasing temperature, which indicates the ease of the dye adsorption process on other surfaces with increasing temperature.<\/span><\/h3>\n

      We also note that the adsorption process is an endothermic nature, because the change in enthalpy (\u0394H) for adsorption of JG dye on all surfaces is positive and at all temperatures. As for the change in entropy (\u0394S) for the dye adsorption process (JG) on the surfaces of (FL, FLG, FLD) its value was positive, which indicates that the adsorption process of dye molecules is irregular<\/span><\/h3>\n

      The recommendations<\/span><\/h3>\n

      After conducting this study and in order to continue the scientific research process, some recommendations and proposals were developed that we recommend to researchers for the purpose of implementing them later<\/span><\/h3>\n

      – Re-study using the influence of other factors such as ionic strength and pH values.<\/span><\/h3>\n

      – Making the modification on the surface of the flint clay with nanomaterials.<\/span><\/h3>\n

      – Conducting another study for the adsorption of janus green dye on the surfaces under study, but using the continuous method (column method).<\/span><\/h3>\n

      – Activation and modification of flint clay by acids or bases first, and then activation and loading are carried out by carbon from (various sources) and compared with the current study through the resulting changes and adsorption capacity.<\/span><\/h3>\n

      – The use of surfaces (FL, FLG, FLD) in this study to adsorb other dyes or other pollutants such as phenols and their substitutes or heavy elements such as mercury, aluminum, manganese and other pollutants.<\/span><\/h3>\n

       <\/p>\n

       <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      \u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641\u0629 (\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062b\u0645) \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0629 (\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644….<\/i>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":25,"featured_media":38609,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"no","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[7,59,16],"tags":[23,47],"class_list":["post-38601","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-7","category-59","category-16","tag-ihcoedu","tag-chem"],"modified_by":"ihcoedu","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38601","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/25"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=38601"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38601\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/38609"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=38601"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=38601"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=38601"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}