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\u0648 C) \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0634\u0631\u0629 . \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647 \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0635 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a , \u0631\u0643\u0632\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0649 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0630\u0631\u064a \u0633\u062d\u0631\u064a \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0630\u0631\u064a \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0633\u062d\u0631\u064a \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0628\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0630\u0631\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u063a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u00a0 \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642\u0629 .<\/span><\/h4>\n\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0649 (6<\/sub>C) \u0648 (8<\/sub>O) \u062a\u0645\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u00a0|M (E2) |2<\/sup> W.u<\/sub> \u2193 \u00a0\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0647\u064a\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0636\u064a . \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u200b\u200b\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u00a0 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0628\u0639\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u060c \u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u00a0 \u2193M (E2) |2<\/sup> W.u<\/sub>|\u00a0 \u0643\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a .<\/span><\/h4>\n\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0641\u0627\u0621) \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0641\u064a MATLAB (R2017b) \u0623\u0639\u062f \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a (n,p) (n,\u03b1) \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627. \u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629\u00a0 \u200b\u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0631 ( O \u060c C \u060c Cl \u060c Na \u060c I \u060c N \u060c P) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 (10-20 MeV) \u0648\u0628\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 (MeV 0.5) \u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a (n,p )\u00a0 n),\u03b1 ) \u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u064a\u0636\u0627.\u00a0<\/span><\/h4>\n\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c (SRIM 2013)\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629\u00a0 \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u064a\u00a0 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0630\u0648\u0641.<\/span><\/h4>\n\u0648\u062e\u0644\u0635\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 :<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n– \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647 (\u03b2) \u0648 (\u03b4) \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0649 \u0632\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 – \u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0649 \u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 – \u0632\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0649 \u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 – \u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 .<\/span><\/h4>\n\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0628\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629. –<\/span><\/h4>\n\u00a0– \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u062b\u0644 (n,\u03b3 ) ( \u03b3,n) ,(n,n*<\/sup> ) \u00a0\u0625\u0644\u062e.<\/span><\/h4>\n\u00a0\u00a0– \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a .<\/span><\/h4>\n
\nStudy The Nuclear Properties Of The Elements Used In Sterilization Materials Against Corona Virus<\/span><\/h3>\nBy Dua’a\u00a0 A.Salim Hussein<\/span><\/h3>\nSupervisor \u00a0by Asst.prof.Dr.Samera Ahmed Ibrahim<\/span><\/h3>\nAim of the work<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\nThe purpose of the study is to study the nuclear properties of the elements used in sterilized materials against the Corona virus, where the nuclear properties of isotopes (even-even nuclei such as carbon and oxygen isotopes) . Covid-19 is a new virus. It is transmitted through respiratory droplets, where the virus can live on different surfaces, such as people who live with the same water, but it can die using most detergents and sterilizers. Hand sanitizers are a safe and effective way to cleanse hands of germs and bacteria, provided they are used correctly. Most hand sanitizers contain between 60% and 90% alcohol (mostly ethyl or isopropyl alcohol). For information, swallowing a small amount of it may lead to Vertigo, a headache and difficulty speaking. It is preferable to wash hands with soap and water instead of using alcohol sanitizers. Use chemicals that kill most germs. Put the sanitizer on the surface after the cleaning process.<\/span><\/h3>\nThrough the cross-sections obtained from the world library (ENDF) and after conducting two operations (fitting and interpolation) to obtain initial parameters, using a program in MATLAB (R2017b) prepared for this purpose . The average of the isotopes within the energy range (10-20 MeV) and with (0.5 MeV) energy steps, and also the reverse cross sections of these reactions. Relying on the (SRIM 2013) program, the stopping \u00a0\u00a0power of the alpha and proton interactions of the elements with intermediate nuclei. The final parameters of the energy relationship with the neutron yield were obtained depending on the mass number of the isotope and the energy of the projectile .<\/span><\/h3>\nThe neutron yield of (p,n) interactions (\u03b1,n) is one of the very important quantities in addition to the cross-sections in the analytical issues of shielding from radiation hazards and safety.\u00a0<\/span><\/h3>\nAbstract<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\nThe nuclear properties of even-even nuclei , such as carbon and oxygen isotopes , are studied . The deformation parameters were calculated in two ways, (\u03b4) the first method is the deformation parameter that is derived from the torque values of the intrinsic electric quadrupole QO<\/sub> and (\u03b2) the second is the calculation of the deformation parameter that is derived from the electrical transition probability value (\ud835\udc382) \u2191 . These parameters were calculated for the pairwise kernel (O and C) using the shell model. The results showed that the deformation coefficients decrease when the number of neutrons approaches the magic number of neutrons.<\/span><\/h3>\nThe electromagnetic properties of the isotopes of nuclei (C) and ( O) even – even were studied through the transmission forces of the electric quadrupole |M(E2)|2<\/sup>W.u<\/sub> \u2193 for the transmission of gamma rays from the first excited plane to the ground plane . Using the average life time of the first excited level and depending on the relative intensity of the gamma rays emitted from the same level, the values of |M(E2)|2<\/sup>W.u<\/sub> \u2193 were calculated . The \u00a0\u00a0study has been focused on three types of nuclei , the first with a magic number , the second with a semi-magical number\u00a0 and\u00a0 the third with a number between closed shells .<\/span><\/h3>\nThrough the cross-sections obtained from the world libraries and after conducting two operations (Fitting and interpolation) to obtain initial parameters, using a program in MATLAB (R2017b) prepared for this purpose, the cross-sections of the interactions (n,p) (n,\u03b1) for the nuclei were calculated . The average of energy of the isotopes (O, C, Cl, Na, I, N, P) within the energy range (10-20 MeV) and with (0.5) energy steps , also the reverse cross sections of these reactions (p,n) (\u03b1,n) are calculated . Relying on the (SRIM 2013) program, the stopping power of the alpha and proton interactions of the elements with intermediate nuclei is calculated and final parameters of the energy relationship with the neutron yield are obtained depending on the mass number of the isotope and the energy of the projectile.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\nSuggestions for Future Works:<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n– Calculating the deformation parameters (\u03b2) and (\u03b4) for even-odd nucleus, odd-even nucleus, and odd-odd nucleus .<\/span><\/h3>\n– using other elements for research other than the isotopes used in this study.<\/span><\/h3>\n– Studying other interactions such as (n,\u03b3 ), ( \u03b3,n) and (n,n*<\/sup> ) etc .<\/span><\/h3>\n– Studying properties other than those used in this study such as size of nucleus and radioactive decay.<\/span><\/h3>\n<\/h3>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641\u0629 (\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062b\u0645) \u0627\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0629 “ \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a….<\/i>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":25,"featured_media":44433,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"no","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[44,7,59,68,98,16],"tags":[23,61,46],"class_list":["post-44425","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-44","category-7","category-59","category-68","category-98","category-16","tag-ihcoedu","tag-61","tag-phys"],"modified_by":"ihcoedu","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44425","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/25"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=44425"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44425\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/44433"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=44425"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=44425"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=44425"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
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\u0623.\u062f. \u0647\u062f\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0642 – \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0627<\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n
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\u0623.\u062f. \u0646\u062f\u0649 \u0641\u0631\u062d\u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0638\u0645 – \u0639\u0636\u0648\u0627\u00a0<\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n
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\u0623.\u0645.\u062f. \u0628\u0634\u0631\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0647 \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 – \u0639\u0636\u0648\u0627<\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n
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\u0623.\u0645.\u062f. \u0627\u0643\u0631\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a – \u0639\u0636\u0648\u0627<\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n
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\u0623.\u0645.\u062f. \u0645\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0649 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u062c\u0627\u0633\u0645 – \u0639\u0636\u0648\u0627<\/span><\/h4>\n<\/li>\n
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\u200b\u200b\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 (10-20 MeV) \u0648\u0628\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 (0.5 MeV) \u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c (SRIM 2013) \u060c \u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0625\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0630\u0648\u0641. \u064a\u0639\u062f \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a (n \u060cn) (\u03b1\u060cp) \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629. \u00a0<\/span><\/h4>\n
\u0648\u062a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b <\/b>\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0649 \u0632\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0632\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629\u00a0 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 . \u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u060c (\u03b4) \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629 QO<\/sub> \u0648 (\u03b2) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a (\ud835\udc382) \u2191 . \u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 (O \u0648 C) \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0634\u0631\u0629 . \u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647 \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0635 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062d\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a , \u0631\u0643\u0632\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0649 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0630\u0631\u064a \u0633\u062d\u0631\u064a \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0630\u0631\u064a \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0633\u062d\u0631\u064a \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0628\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0630\u0631\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u063a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u00a0 \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642\u0629 .<\/span><\/h4>\n
\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0649 (6<\/sub>C) \u0648 (8<\/sub>O) \u062a\u0645\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0637\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u00a0|M (E2) |2<\/sup> W.u<\/sub> \u2193 \u00a0\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0647\u064a\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0636\u064a . \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u200b\u200b\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631\u00a0 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0628\u0639\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u060c \u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u00a0 \u2193M (E2) |2<\/sup> W.u<\/sub>|\u00a0 \u0643\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a .<\/span><\/h4>\n
\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0641\u0627\u0621) \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0641\u064a MATLAB (R2017b) \u0623\u0639\u062f \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a (n,p) (n,\u03b1) \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627. \u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629\u00a0 \u200b\u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0631 ( O \u060c C \u060c Cl \u060c Na \u060c I \u060c N \u060c P) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u062a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 (10-20 MeV) \u0648\u0628\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 (MeV 0.5) \u060c \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a (n,p )\u00a0 n),\u03b1 ) \u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u064a\u0636\u0627.\u00a0<\/span><\/h4>\n
\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c (SRIM 2013)\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0641 \u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0644\u0641\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0629\u00a0 \u0648\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0635\u0644\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u064a\u00a0 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0630\u0648\u0641.<\/span><\/h4>\n
\u0648\u062e\u0644\u0635\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0637\u0631\u0648\u062d\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 :<\/strong><\/span><\/h4>\n
– \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647 (\u03b2) \u0648 (\u03b4) \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0649 \u0632\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 – \u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0649 \u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 – \u0632\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0649 \u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 – \u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 .<\/span><\/h4>\n
\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0628\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629. –<\/span><\/h4>\n
\u00a0– \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u062b\u0644 (n,\u03b3 ) ( \u03b3,n) ,(n,n*<\/sup> ) \u00a0\u0625\u0644\u062e.<\/span><\/h4>\n
\u00a0\u00a0– \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a .<\/span><\/h4>\n
\nStudy The Nuclear Properties Of The Elements Used In Sterilization Materials Against Corona Virus<\/span><\/h3>\n
By Dua’a\u00a0 A.Salim Hussein<\/span><\/h3>\n
Supervisor \u00a0by Asst.prof.Dr.Samera Ahmed Ibrahim<\/span><\/h3>\n
Aim of the work<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
The purpose of the study is to study the nuclear properties of the elements used in sterilized materials against the Corona virus, where the nuclear properties of isotopes (even-even nuclei such as carbon and oxygen isotopes) . Covid-19 is a new virus. It is transmitted through respiratory droplets, where the virus can live on different surfaces, such as people who live with the same water, but it can die using most detergents and sterilizers. Hand sanitizers are a safe and effective way to cleanse hands of germs and bacteria, provided they are used correctly. Most hand sanitizers contain between 60% and 90% alcohol (mostly ethyl or isopropyl alcohol). For information, swallowing a small amount of it may lead to Vertigo, a headache and difficulty speaking. It is preferable to wash hands with soap and water instead of using alcohol sanitizers. Use chemicals that kill most germs. Put the sanitizer on the surface after the cleaning process.<\/span><\/h3>\n
Through the cross-sections obtained from the world library (ENDF) and after conducting two operations (fitting and interpolation) to obtain initial parameters, using a program in MATLAB (R2017b) prepared for this purpose . The average of the isotopes within the energy range (10-20 MeV) and with (0.5 MeV) energy steps, and also the reverse cross sections of these reactions. Relying on the (SRIM 2013) program, the stopping \u00a0\u00a0power of the alpha and proton interactions of the elements with intermediate nuclei. The final parameters of the energy relationship with the neutron yield were obtained depending on the mass number of the isotope and the energy of the projectile .<\/span><\/h3>\n
The neutron yield of (p,n) interactions (\u03b1,n) is one of the very important quantities in addition to the cross-sections in the analytical issues of shielding from radiation hazards and safety.\u00a0<\/span><\/h3>\n
Abstract<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
The nuclear properties of even-even nuclei , such as carbon and oxygen isotopes , are studied . The deformation parameters were calculated in two ways, (\u03b4) the first method is the deformation parameter that is derived from the torque values of the intrinsic electric quadrupole QO<\/sub> and (\u03b2) the second is the calculation of the deformation parameter that is derived from the electrical transition probability value (\ud835\udc382) \u2191 . These parameters were calculated for the pairwise kernel (O and C) using the shell model. The results showed that the deformation coefficients decrease when the number of neutrons approaches the magic number of neutrons.<\/span><\/h3>\n
The electromagnetic properties of the isotopes of nuclei (C) and ( O) even – even were studied through the transmission forces of the electric quadrupole |M(E2)|2<\/sup>W.u<\/sub> \u2193 for the transmission of gamma rays from the first excited plane to the ground plane . Using the average life time of the first excited level and depending on the relative intensity of the gamma rays emitted from the same level, the values of |M(E2)|2<\/sup>W.u<\/sub> \u2193 were calculated . The \u00a0\u00a0study has been focused on three types of nuclei , the first with a magic number , the second with a semi-magical number\u00a0 and\u00a0 the third with a number between closed shells .<\/span><\/h3>\n
Through the cross-sections obtained from the world libraries and after conducting two operations (Fitting and interpolation) to obtain initial parameters, using a program in MATLAB (R2017b) prepared for this purpose, the cross-sections of the interactions (n,p) (n,\u03b1) for the nuclei were calculated . The average of energy of the isotopes (O, C, Cl, Na, I, N, P) within the energy range (10-20 MeV) and with (0.5) energy steps , also the reverse cross sections of these reactions (p,n) (\u03b1,n) are calculated . Relying on the (SRIM 2013) program, the stopping power of the alpha and proton interactions of the elements with intermediate nuclei is calculated and final parameters of the energy relationship with the neutron yield are obtained depending on the mass number of the isotope and the energy of the projectile.\u00a0<\/span>\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
Suggestions for Future Works:<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n
– Calculating the deformation parameters (\u03b2) and (\u03b4) for even-odd nucleus, odd-even nucleus, and odd-odd nucleus .<\/span><\/h3>\n
– using other elements for research other than the isotopes used in this study.<\/span><\/h3>\n
– Studying other interactions such as (n,\u03b3 ), ( \u03b3,n) and (n,n*<\/sup> ) etc .<\/span><\/h3>\n
– Studying properties other than those used in this study such as size of nucleus and radioactive decay.<\/span><\/h3>\n
<\/h3>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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