{"id":47436,"date":"2022-12-27T14:18:48","date_gmt":"2022-12-27T11:18:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/?p=47436"},"modified":"2023-06-28T01:37:39","modified_gmt":"2023-06-27T22:37:39","slug":"%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%ac%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%ae%d8%af%d9%85-%d9%85%d8%ab%d8%a8%d8%b7%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d9%85%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%ae%d9%84%d8%b5%d8%a7%d8%aa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/?p=47436","title":{"rendered":"\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u062b\u0628\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0643\u062d\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0643"},"content":{"rendered":"<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-47439 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/27\/2022\/12\/\u0646\u0648\u0631\u0633.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"869\" height=\"579\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/27\/2022\/12\/\u0646\u0648\u0631\u0633.jpg 869w, https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/27\/2022\/12\/\u0646\u0648\u0631\u0633-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/27\/2022\/12\/\u0646\u0648\u0631\u0633-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/27\/2022\/12\/\u0646\u0648\u0631\u0633-600x400.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 869px) 100vw, 869px\" \/><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641\u0629 (\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062b\u0645) \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0629 ( \u062b\u0628\u064a\u0637 \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u200f\u0643\u0645\u062b\u0628\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 ) \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 ( \u0646\u0648\u0631\u0633 \u0633\u0639\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0632\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 ( \u0623.\u0645.\u062f \u0632\u064a\u0646\u0628 \u0648\u062c\u062f\u064a \u0627\u062d\u0645\u062f ) \u0648\u0646\u0648\u0642\u0634\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a :<\/h4>\n<h4><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-47441 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/27\/2022\/12\/\u0646\u0648\u0631\u06332.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/27\/2022\/12\/\u0646\u0648\u0631\u06332.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/27\/2022\/12\/\u0646\u0648\u0631\u06332-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/27\/2022\/12\/\u0646\u0648\u0631\u06332-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/27\/2022\/12\/\u0646\u0648\u0631\u06332-600x400.jpg 600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0647\u062f\u0641\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 :<\/h4>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>\n<h4>\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0627\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062b\u0628\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 .<\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4>\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0643<\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\">(0.1,0.2,0.5)M \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 298-328)K) .<\/h4>\n<ol style=\"text-align: justify;\" start=\"3\">\n<li>\n<h4>\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629200,250,300,350,400) ppm ) \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 5M \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 298-328) K) .<\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<h4>\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0628\u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 SEM.<\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636\u064a \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0628\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a00.1, 0.2, 0.5M) ) \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629( 298.308,318,328 K ) \u0628\u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0645\u062b\u0628\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0635\u062f\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0645 (<em>Allium sativum<\/em>), \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0644(<em>Allium cepa.L.<\/em>) \u0628\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 ( 200,250.300.350,400 ppm)\u00a0 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644.<\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u064a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0636 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0630 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 0.5 M HNO<sub>3<\/sub> \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 328K.<\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0627\u062b\u0628\u062a\u062a \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u00a0(GC-MS) \u0648(FT-IR) \u00a0\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0621\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0649 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 , \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u0637 <em>IE <\/em><em>%<\/em>\u00a0 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0637\u0627\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u0637 \ud835\udf3d \u062a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u0637 \u0648 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 , \u0648\u0627\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u0637 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a ( %87.9) , \u064a\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a (82.92 %) \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 298K . \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629\u00a0 \u0625\u0630 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u00a0\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0637\u00a0 \u062a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u0637 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 , \u0627\u064a \u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u062d\u0627\u062c\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633, \u0648\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u062b\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0637 (H\u2206)\u00a0 \u0628\u063a\u064a\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0628\u0637\u00a0 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u0635 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0637 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629.<\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u064a\u0632\u0648\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0631\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u062c\u0628\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0629( \u2206G) \u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646( Kj\/mol 12-16 )\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062f\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632 \u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a.<\/h4>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u0648\u062e\u0644\u0635\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u062a\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0648 \u0645\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633, \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627:<\/h4>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<h4>\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0644\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0636 \u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0648 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0637 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0629.<\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<h4>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0628\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0648\u062b \u0643\u0645\u062b\u0628\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633.<\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<h4>\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0623 \u0648\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0635.<\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<h3 style=\"text-align: left;\">\u00a0 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u064a\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644.<\/h3>\n<hr \/>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #993366;\">Corrosion Inhibition of Copeer By Some Plant Extracts as Environmentally Friendly Inhibitors<\/span><\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #993366;\">By Nawras\u00a0 Sa&#8217;ad Mohammed<\/span><\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #993366;\">Supervised by Asst.prof.Dr.Zainab Wajdi Ahmed<\/span><\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #993366;\">The Abstract<\/span><\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #993366;\">The current study including studying corrosion behavior of copper alloy in acidic medium of nitric acid with different concentration ( 0.1,0.2,0.5) M\u00a0 by weight loss technique at different temperature\u00a0 in absence and\u00a0 presence plants extracts as environmentally friendly inhibitors garlic extract (Allium sativum)\u00a0 and onion extract (Allium cepa.L.)\u00a0 with different concentrations (200,250,300,350,400 ppm) at higher concentration of corrosive solution .<\/span><\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #993366;\">\u00a0 It was found that corrosion rate increase with increasing of acid concentration and temperature, the study show that higher corrosion rate was at 0.5 M HNO3 and 328 K.\u00a0 \u00a0The characterization techniques (GC-MS) and(FT-IR) proved the presence of many organic compounds that responsible for the inhibition performance of\u00a0 both extracts , the study show that\u00a0 inhibition efficiency and surface coverage\u00a0 area increase with increasing the concentration of the inhibitor And decrease with increasing temperature. The results show that higher inhibition efficiency for garlic extract reached (87.9%) then onion extract (82.92%) at 298 K.<\/span><\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #993366;\">Kinetic of copper corrosion have been studied from the values of corrosion rate and their dependencies on temperature. It was found that values of (Ea) increased with inhibitor concentration increasing that means that the inhibitor raises energy barrier for corrosion process. The values of (\u2206H ) were positive in presence and absence of inhibitors meaning that the corrosion process is endothermic . (\u2206S) values were negative meaning decrease in overall degree of freedom.<\/span><\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #993366;\">From Langmuir adsorption isotherm thermodynamic data for adsorption showed that the values of (\u0394G\u00baads) were negative values which indicate that the adsorption process is spontaneous and its\u00a0 value\u00a0 were between (12-16\u00a0 KJ\/mol) which indicate that adsorption process of garlic and onion extracts on copper alloy surface is physisorption .<\/span><\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #993366;\">\u00a0Scanning electron microscope\u00a0 (SEM ) was using to examined copper alloy surface in acidic medium in absence and presence of the tow plant extracts ,the SEM image showed that surface of alloys were covered by good protective layer of inhibitor molecules .( FT-IR( was used to identify existence of\u00a0 active groups in plant\u00a0 extracts ( garlic and onion ) before and after\u00a0 immersing copper alloy specimens and\u00a0 from comparison\u00a0 between two spectra for each extract it was noticed association of\u00a0 active groups in extract with alloy surface which lead to form protective layer from corrosion on copper alloy surface.<\/span><\/h3>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: left;\"><\/h3>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641\u0629 (\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062b\u0645) \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0629 ( \u062b\u0628\u064a\u0637&#8230;.<a class=\"cz_readmore\" href=\"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/?p=47436\"><i class=\"fa fa-angle-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":25,"featured_media":47440,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"no","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[44,7,59,68,98,16],"tags":[23,61,47],"class_list":["post-47436","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-44","category-7","category-59","category-68","category-98","category-16","tag-ihcoedu","tag-61","tag-chem"],"modified_by":"ihcoedu","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/47436","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/25"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=47436"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/47436\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/47440"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=47436"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=47436"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=47436"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}