{"id":47599,"date":"2023-01-27T13:20:35","date_gmt":"2023-01-27T10:20:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/?p=47599"},"modified":"2023-06-28T01:46:23","modified_gmt":"2023-06-27T22:46:23","slug":"47599","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/?p=47599","title":{"rendered":"\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u0633 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u00a0SnS \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 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\u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u062a\u00a0 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u064a\u0629 (AFM) \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u062e\u0634\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0636\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0634\u0648\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0628.<\/p>\n<p>\u0623\u0638\u0647\u0631\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 (300-1100) nm \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 (SnS) \u062a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0628. \u0648\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 (SnS) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0636\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d\u00a0 \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0642\u0644\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 (1.85-1.45) eV .<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0636\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 (P-type) \u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062d\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0636\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0648\u0636\u062d\u062a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0641\u062d\u0648\u0635\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 (\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631- \u0641\u0648\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0629) \u0627\u0646 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0634\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 (Sb,Bi,Ag) \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0648\u064a\u0628\u00a0 (3%) \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u00a0573K \u062a\u062d\u0633\u0646\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627\u00a0 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062f\u0646\u0629 \u060c \u0627\u0630 \u0628\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629\u00a0 (1.304 %- 5.46%)\u00a0 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062f\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u00a0573K.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u062e\u0644\u0635\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u062a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062d\u062b\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0645\u0641\u0631\u0642 \u0647\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 (P- SnS \/n-CdS) \u0623\u0648 (SnS \/ ZnO).<\/li>\n<li>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 SnS \u0645\u062b\u0644 (Cu,Zn,In,Al) \u0648\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0645\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0634\u0627\u0621 (SnS) \u0648 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 SnS \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0628 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0648\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c .<br \/>\n<hr \/>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>SnS Thin Films for Solar Cell Application)<\/p>\n<p>(Characterization Study of Doped<\/p>\n<p>By Dua&#8217;a Munair Sadiq<\/p>\n<p>Supervised by prof.Dr.Bushra K.Hasoon<\/p>\n<p>Abstract<\/p>\n<p>In this research, Tin sulfide alloy was prepared from mixed elements Tin and Sulphur materials at ratio 1:1 in a quartz glass tube which is vacuumed from the air under pressure of (10-3) Torr, then put in oven at 1273K for 5 hours, then let the mixed cooled slowly, SnS alloy was examined by X-ray diffraction analysis, it was determined that the SnS was obtained, the structure is polycrystalline with a orthorhombic crystalline system and preferred orientation along (111) plane.<\/p>\n<p>SnS thin films were prepared by using thermal evaporation under vacuum method with 400 \u00b1 20nm thickness and with a deposition rate of 1nm \/ sec, which deposited on glass substrates in order to study the structure, optical and electrical properties and on silicon wafer in order to manufacture the solar cells. The influence of doping by (3%Sb, 3%Bi, 3%Ag) was investigated on the physical properties of SnS thin films and on (SnS\/Si) heterojunction solar cells before and after annealing at\u00a0 573K for one hour.<\/p>\n<p>The X-ray diffraction pattern marks revealed that all films prepared ( pure and doped with Sb, Bi, Ag) are polycrystalline structure with orthorhombic crystal system and have preferred orientation along (111) plane for all films doped and un doped, as well as increase in crystallite size after annealing and doping process . Atomic force microscopy technique was used to determine the surface roughness of all SnS films prepared and to measure the average grains size of these films. The consequences of the measurement exhibited an increase of the grains size and surface roughness after annealing and doping process.<\/p>\n<p>The optical measurements results within the range (300-1100) nm showed that the absorption of SnS films increased after annealing and doping process.<\/p>\n<p>All SnS films prepared (pure and doped) before and after annealing had a direct optical energy gap and its value had been reduced after annealing and doping process to become in the range between (1.85-1.45) eV.<\/p>\n<p>Hall effect measurement grades revealed that all SnS films deposited\u00a0 had (p-type) electrical conductivity , as well as the doping and annealing process don\u2019t change the type of charge carriers, enhanced the concentration of the charge carriers and conductivity \u00a0for all sample prepared .<\/p>\n<p>Under illumination condition, the (I-V) characteristics measurements consequences displayed that the solar cells synthetic from the SnS films when doped with 3% (Sb,Bi,Ag) and annealing at 573 K , the conversion efficiency improved and reached to (1.304 %- 5.46%) from the other pure and un doped sample. The highest value of conversion efficiency for the solar cells that which made-up from SnS films doped with Ag and annealing at 573 K.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634 \u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0631\u0641\u0629 (\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u062b\u0645) \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0645\u0629 &#8221; \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u0634\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u00a0SnS&#8230;.<a class=\"cz_readmore\" href=\"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/?p=47599\"><i class=\"fa fa-angle-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u064a\u062f<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":25,"featured_media":47602,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"gallery","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"no","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[44,7,59,68,98,78,16],"tags":[61,46],"class_list":["post-47599","post","type-post","status-publish","format-gallery","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-44","category-7","category-59","category-68","category-98","category-phys-dept","category-16","tag-61","tag-phys","post_format-post-format-gallery"],"modified_by":"ihcoedu","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/47599","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/25"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=47599"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/47599\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/47602"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=47599"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=47599"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ihcoedu.uobaghdad.edu.iq\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=47599"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}